Abstract Ecballium elaterium (squirting cucumber) is a Mediterranean plant used in folk medicine. Especially fruits and fruits juice are administered for several therapeutic uses, although they can be toxic at high doses. In the present work, a phytochemical characterization of different parts of the plant, namely fruits, flowers and leaves, was made. Extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detector and mass spectrometry with triple quadrupole analyzer (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS). Only one cucurbitacin, Cuc D, was found in the three extracts, and an additional one, Cuc P, was tentatively identified for the first time in fruits extract. Additionally, several flavonoids such as rutin, narcissin and kaempferol were tentatively identified in the plant. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH, ABTS, FRAP and inhibition of human erythrocyte hemolysis mediated by AAPH. Results revealed that flowers extract was the most active one, with an EC50 of 46.01 µg/ml for DPPH and TEAC values of 489.11 and 160.97 µmol Trolox/g extract for ABTS and FRAP respectively; despite the protective effect of all extracts in AAPH assay was relatively moderated. In case of anti-inflammatory activity, all extracts were active by inhibiting heat induced protein denaturation in a non-dose dependent manner, showed protection against hypotonic hemolysis and reduction of mice hind paw edema, 3 h after carrageenan injection; as for previous tests, flowers extract exhibited the highest percentage of inhibition (82.93%) of hind paw edema at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Therefore, E. Elaterium flowers extract showed potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects similar to those exerted by the fruits.

中文翻译：

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具有抗氧化和抗炎活性的 Ecballium elaterium 提取物的植物化学成分：叶、花和果实提取物的比较

摘要 Ecballium elaterium（喷黄瓜）是一种用于民间医学的地中海植物。尤其是水果和果汁用于多种治疗用途，尽管它们在高剂量下可能有毒。在目前的工作中，对植物的不同部分（即果实、花和叶）进行了植物化学表征。提取物通过液相色谱与二极管阵列检测器和质谱联用三重四极杆分析仪 (HPLC-DAD-MS/MS) 进行分析。在三种提取物中仅发现一种葫芦素 Cuc D，另外一种葫芦素 Cuc P 首次在水果提取物中被初步鉴定。此外，在植物中初步鉴定了几种黄酮类化合物，如芦丁、水仙和山奈酚。抗氧化活性通过 DPPH、ABTS、FRAP 和抑制 AAPH 介导的人红细胞溶血。结果表明，花提取物是活性最高的一种，DPPH 的 EC50 为 46.01 µg/ml，ABTS 和 FRAP 的 TEAC 值分别为 489.11 和 160.97 µmol Trolox/g 提取物；尽管所有提取物在 AAPH 测定中的保护作用相对缓和。在抗炎活性的情况下，所有提取物都通过以非剂量依赖性方式抑制热诱导的蛋白质变性而具有活性，在注射角叉菜胶后 3 小时显示出对低渗溶血的保护和减少小鼠后爪水肿的作用；对于之前的测试，花提取物在 200 mg/kg 的剂量下表现出最高的后爪水肿抑制百分比 (82.93%)。因此，E。