Abstract The three-dimensional (3D) distribution of radiological dose rate is important for assessing the biological hazard of atmospheric radionuclides in the environment. Because of the complexity of such scenarios, existing methods only estimate one- or two-dimensional dose rates, and trade accuracy and generality for acceptable speed. The lack of efficient 3D estimation methods prevents the 3D biological effect assessment of atmospheric radionuclides. This paper presents a 3D dose rate field estimation method that accelerates the computation by several orders of magnitude without loss of accuracy or generality. This method reformulates the time-consuming 3D integral in the dose rate model as a convolution and uses a fast Fourier transform to accelerate its solution. The convolution form provides a new receptor-oriented insight into dose rate estimation that can flexibly describe the radiological response of biological tissues. The proposed method makes no approximations or assumptions, so it is accurate and applicable to arbitrary atmospheric dispersion models and radionuclide distributions. Our approach is validated by both simulations and a field experiment. The results show that the proposed method is accurate and fast in both simple and highly complex air dispersion scenarios, and provides better quantitative and qualitative agreement with the experimental data than RIMPUFF's tabulated method. This method bridges the long-standing gap between the refined 3D atmospheric radionuclide transport modelling and the corresponding 3D biological hazard evaluation.

中文翻译：

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从任意大气放射性核素分布估计三维放射性剂量率场的准确和超快方法

摘要 放射性剂量率的三维（3D）分布对于评估大气放射性核素在环境中的生物危害具有重要意义。由于此类场景的复杂性，现有方法仅估计一维或二维剂量率，并用准确性和通用性来换取可接受的速度。缺乏有效的 3D 估计方法阻碍了大气放射性核素的 3D 生物效应评估。本文提出了一种 3D 剂量率场估计方法，该方法将计算速度提高了几个数量级，而不会损失准确性或通用性。该方法将剂量率模型中耗时的 3D 积分重新表示为卷积，并使用快速傅立叶变换来加速其求解。卷积形式提供了一种新的面向受体的对剂量率估计的洞察，可以灵活地描述生物组织的放射学响应。所提出的方法没有进行近似或假设，因此它是准确的，适用于任意大气扩散模型和放射性核素分布。我们的方法得到了模拟和现场实验的验证。结果表明，所提出的方法在简单和高度复杂的空气扩散场景中都是准确和快速的，并且与 RIMPUFF 的列表方法相比，与实验数据提供了更好的定量和定性一致性。该方法弥合了精细的 3D 大气放射性核素传输建模与相应的 3D 生物危害评估之间的长期差距。