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Role of the Cu substrate in the growth of ultra-flat crack-free highly-crystalline single-layer graphene†
Nanoscale ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-12 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06817h
Benjamin Huet 1, 2 , Jean-Pierre Raskin 1, 2
Affiliation  

Producing ultra-flat crack-free single-layer high-quality graphene over large areas has remained the key challenge to fully exploit graphene's potential into next-generation technological applications. In this regard, we show that epitaxial Cu(111) film represents the most promising catalyst for the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of graphene with superior planarity and physical integrity. We first compare the most widely used Cu catalysts (foils, polycrystalline films and epitaxial films) in order to benchmark the roughness of the Cu surface which serves as a template for graphene growth. We then discuss the correlation between the formation of cracks and wrinkles in as-grown graphene and the surface morphology of these various Cu catalysts. In particular, Cu grain boundary grooves, inherently present in polycrystalline substrates, are found to contribute to the formation of cracks. Finally, we focused on tuning the CVD protocol in order to successfully grow highly crystalline graphene made of millimeter-size domains on every type of catalyst while mitigating Cu surface roughening. Putting into context the challenges and opportunities associated with the most widely used Cu catalysts provides valuable guidelines for high-throughput manufacturing of graphene suitable for emerging industrial applications.

中文翻译:

铜基质在超平无裂纹高结晶单层石墨烯的生长中的作用

在大面积上生产超平整,无裂纹的单层优质石墨烯,仍然是将石墨烯的潜力充分利用到下一代技术应用中的主要挑战。在这方面,我们表明,外延Cu(111)薄膜代表了石墨烯化学气相沉积(CVD)的最有希望的催化剂,具有出色的平面性和物理完整性。我们首先比较使用最广泛的Cu催化剂(箔,多晶膜和外延膜),以便确定作为石墨烯生长模板的Cu表面的粗糙度。然后,我们讨论了石墨烯中裂纹和皱纹的形成与这些各种Cu催化剂的表面形态之间的相关性。特别是,多晶衬底中固有地存在的Cu晶界槽,被发现有助于裂纹的形成。最后,我们集中精力调整CVD协议,以成功地在每种类型的催化剂上生长由毫米尺寸域构成的高度结晶的石墨烯,同时减轻Cu表面的粗糙感。综上所述,与使用最广泛的Cu催化剂相关的挑战和机遇为适合新兴工业应用的高通量石墨烯生产提供了有价值的指导。
更新日期:2018-11-12
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