Literature has suggested that attachment insecurity has been previously associated with subsequent onset of several psychiatric conditions characterized by emotion dysregulation. Nevertheless, only few studies have investigated the neurobiological basis of attachment style and whether attachment insecurity may share a common neurobiological substrate with neurodevelopmental disorders. In this narrative contribution, we aimed to review existing literature on functional neurobiological correlates of attachment style to further understand (1) specific neurobiological patterns associated with attachment security variation, and (2) whether it is possible to identify a neurobiological overlap between attachment insecurity-related and neurodevelopmental disorders-related anomalies. Given the complex etiology of these diseases, we will also review gene by environment studies to investigate how attachment insecurity interacts with genetic factors in determining this common neurobiological substrate. We believe that a better understanding of how early attachment experiences may play a role in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders is critical to plan effective clinical interventions to reduce both the likelihood for poor parenting and the risk for the onset of psychiatric conditions.

文献表明，依恋不安全感以前与以情绪失调为特征的几种精神病的发作有关。然而，只有很少的研究调查了依恋方式的神经生物学基础，以及依恋不安全感是否可能与神经发育障碍共享共同的神经生物学底物。在这项叙述性贡献中，我们旨在回顾有关依恋风格的功能性神经生物学相关性的现有文献，以进一步了解（1）与依恋安全性差异相关的特定神经生物学模式，以及（2）是否有可能识别依恋不安全感之间的神经生物学重叠-与神经发育障碍相关的异常。鉴于这些疾病的病因复杂，我们还将通过环境研究综述基因，以研究在确定这种常见的神经生物学底物时，附件不安全感如何与遗传因素相互作用。我们认为，更好地了解早期依恋经历如何在神经发育障碍的病理生理中发挥作用，对于规划有效的临床干预措施以减少父母育儿的可能性和减少精神病发作的风险至关重要。