Abstract Conservation actions are critical to mitigating the growing number of threatened species worldwide. Previous studies show a consistent increase in one highly targeted type of conservation action: conservation translocation (i.e. the movement of species for conservation purposes). Will this trend continue? To gain insights into effectiveness and future trends, we examined past and proposed uses of conservation translocation in species recovery efforts in Canada, where species are assessed by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada and given legal protection and recovery plans under the Species at Risk Act (SARA). Our review of 541 SARA-listed species indicates 55 have already been translocated, 49 are recommended for translocation, and 99 are under consideration, suggesting at least a doubling in future conservation translocations. Overall, translocation was relevant to recovery efforts for 38% of SARA-listed species. Species in need of translocation overwhelmingly belong to the vascular plants, but relatively few plants have been translocated to date, suggesting capacity and expertise in plant propagation and transplantation will be important. Species listed as Endangered under SARA were most commonly translocated, but the effectiveness of translocations relative to other actions could not be assessed due to insufficient detail in Federal recovery documents. Our finding that conservation translocations are projected to increase substantially in Canada begs the question whether such trends will also occur in other countries, and whether alignment between conservation need, policy direction, scientific planning and financial commitments will be sufficient to meet such demand.

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预测保护易地的进一步增加：加拿大案例研究

摘要 保护行动对于减少世界范围内日益增多的受威胁物种至关重要。以前的研究表明，一种高度针对性的保护行动一直在增加：保护易地（即出于保护目的的物种移动）。这种趋势会持续吗？为了深入了解有效性和未来趋势，我们研究了过去和提议在加拿大物种恢复工作中保护易地的用途，其中物种由加拿大濒危野生动物状况委员会评估，并根据物种提供法律保护和恢复计划风险法案 (SARA)。我们对 541 种 SARA 所列物种的审查表明，55 种已经转移，49 种被建议转移，99 种正在考虑中，表明未来的保护易位至少会增加一倍。总体而言，易位与 38% 的 SARA 所列物种的恢复工作有关。需要易位的物种绝大多数属于维管植物，但迄今为止相对较少的植物已易位，这表明植物繁殖和移植的能力和专业知识将很重要。根据 SARA 列为濒危物种最常易地，但由于联邦恢复文件中的细节不够详细，无法评估易地相对于其他行动的有效性。我们发现，加拿大的保护易地预计将大幅增加，这就回避了其他国家是否也会出现这种趋势，以及保护需求、政策方向、