Abstract In the present work, we studied the influence of particle size and charge density on the structure formation and rheological property of high internal phase emulsion gels (HIPE-gels) stabilized with zein/tannic acid complex particles (ZTPs). The size (68 and 108 nm) and charge density (+38, +20, and +1 mV) of ZTPs were controlled by adjusting the pH during the preparation of the particles and in the respective particle suspensions. Extensive centrifugation of the emulsions stabilized by those ZTPs resulted in stable HIPE-gels with an oil content ranging between 72 and 87% (w/w) and a particle concentration of 0.7–1.4% (w/w) only. Microscopy showed that even at these high oil volume fractions, limited coalescence between the oil droplets occurred. A decrease in the particle size resulted in a decrease in the oil content in the HIPE-gels, due to a more efficient particle network in the continuous phase. This increased the storage modulus of the HIPE gels, indicating that this particle network plays an important role for the gel strength. When increasing the interactions between the particles (by lowering the charge density), the gel strength increased even further. It was noted that the gel strength was independent of the oil content, suggesting that the oil droplets do not contribute a lot to the gel strength. These HIPE-gels with tunable rheological property may have various applications in industry.

中文翻译：

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调节颗粒特性以控制由玉米醇溶蛋白/单宁酸复合颗粒稳定的高内相乳液凝胶的流变行为

摘要 在目前的工作中，我们研究了粒径和电荷密度对用玉米蛋白/单宁酸复合颗粒 (ZTP) 稳定的高内相乳液凝胶 (HIPE-凝胶) 的结构形成和流变性能的影响。ZTP 的大小（68 和 108 nm）和电荷密度（+38、+20 和 +1 mV）通过在颗粒制备过程中和各个颗粒悬浮液中调节 pH 值来控制。由这些 ZTP 稳定的乳液的广泛离心产生稳定的 HIPE 凝胶，其含油量在 72% 到 87% (w/w) 之间，颗粒浓度仅为 0.7-1.4% (w/w)。显微镜显示，即使在这些高油体积分数下，油滴之间也会发生有限的聚结。粒径的减小导致 HIPE 凝胶中油含量的降低，由于连续相中更有效的粒子网络。这增加了 HIPE 凝胶的储能模量，表明这种颗粒网络对凝胶强度起着重要作用。当增加颗粒之间的相互作用时（通过降低电荷密度），凝胶强度进一步增加。注意到凝胶强度与油含量无关，这表明油滴对凝胶强度的贡献不大。这些具有可调流变特性的 HIPE 凝胶可能在工业中具有多种应用。当增加颗粒之间的相互作用时（通过降低电荷密度），凝胶强度进一步增加。注意到凝胶强度与油含量无关，这表明油滴对凝胶强度的贡献不大。这些具有可调流变特性的 HIPE 凝胶可能在工业中具有多种应用。当增加颗粒之间的相互作用时（通过降低电荷密度），凝胶强度进一步增加。注意到凝胶强度与油含量无关，这表明油滴对凝胶强度的贡献不大。这些具有可调流变特性的 HIPE 凝胶可能在工业中具有多种应用。