For the first time, stable ZnO@CuO@iron ore nanocomposites (NCs) were green synthesized using magnetic iron ore as a natural substrate through an eco-friendly, simple and cost-effective method. The biosynthesized nanocatalyst was characterized using the SEM, EDS, elemental mapping, point analysis, XRD, FT-IR, polarized microscopy and UV-vis analytical techniques. The XRD and SEM methods confirmed the excellent stability of the nanocatalyst, even for 6 months. Also, the antioxidant ability of the green-synthesized NCs using a DPPH method was assessed per gallic acid and in contrast with ascorbic acid. Furthermore, their antibacterial activities against the common pathogenic bacteria of Pseudomonas aureus, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were evaluated at different concentrations compared to chloramphenicol as a positive control. Moreover, the superior catalytic activity of the ZnO@CuO@iron ore NCs was investigated during a series of reactions, including the adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) of heavy crude oil (HCO) obtained from the Shaikhan oil field, the destruction of some organic dyes at room temperature, including methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO), thymol blue (TB), bromothymol blue (BTB), phenol red (Ph.R), methyl red (MR), solochrome black T (SBT) and eriochrome black T (EBT) and finally the reduction of Cr(VI) at ambient temperature using UV-vis spectroscopy. Finally, the magnetic NCs could be simply recovered and reused several times without considerable loss of catalytic activity.

中文翻译：

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天然铁矿石作为生物活性稳定的 ZnO@CuO@iron ore NCs 生物合成的新型基质：一种磁性可回收和可重复使用的优质纳米催化剂，用于降解有机染料、还原 Cr(vi) 和吸附原油芳香族化合物，包括 PAHs†

首次以磁性铁矿石为天然基质，通过环保、简单、经济的方法绿色合成了稳定的 ZnO@CuO@铁矿石纳米复合材料（NCs）。使用 SEM、EDS、元素映射、点分析、XRD、FT-IR、偏光显微镜和紫外-可见分析技术对生物合成的纳米催化剂进行了表征。XRD 和 SEM 方法证实了纳米催化剂的优异稳定性，即使是 6 个月。此外，使用 DPPH 方法评估绿色合成 NCs 的抗氧化能力，并与抗坏血酸进行对比。此外，它们对金黄色假单胞菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌等常见病原菌具有抗菌活性。与作为阳性对照的氯霉素相比，在不同浓度下进行了评估。此外，在一系列反应中研究了 ZnO@CuO@铁矿石 NCs 的优异催化活性，包括吸附从 Shaikhan 油田获得的重质原油 (HCO) 中的多环芳烃 (PAHs)，破坏一些室温下的有机染料，包括亚甲基蓝（MB）和甲基橙（MO）、百里酚蓝（TB）、溴百里酚蓝（BTB）、酚红（Ph.R）、甲基红（MR）、单色黑T（ SBT) 和铬黑 T (EBT)，最后使用紫外-可见光谱法在环境温度下还原 Cr( VI )。最后，磁性NCs可以简单地回收和重复使用几次，而不会显着损失催化活性。