Salicylic acid (SA) or 2-hydroxybenoic acid is a phenolic plant hormone that plays an essential role in plant defense against biotrophic and semi-biotrophic pathogens. In Arabidopsis, SA is synthesized from chorismate in the chloroplast through the ICS1 (isochorismate synthase I) pathway during pathogen infection. The transcription co-activator NPR1 (Non-Expresser of Pathogenesis-Related Gene 1), as the master regulator of SA signaling, interacts with transcription factors to induce the expression of anti-microbial PR (Pathogenesis-Related) genes. To establish successful infections, plant bacterial, oomycete, fungal, and viral pathogens have evolved at least three major strategies to disrupt SA-mediated defense. The first strategy is to reduce SA accumulation directly by converting SA into its inactive derivatives. The second strategy is to interrupt SA biosynthesis by targeting the ICS1 pathway. In the third major strategy, plant pathogens deploy different mechanisms to interfere with SA downstream signaling. The wide array of strategies deployed by plant pathogens highlights the crucial role of disruption of SA-mediated plant defense in plant pathogenesis. A deeper understanding of this topic will greatly expand our knowledge of how plant pathogens cause diseases and consequently pave the way for the development of more effective ways to control these diseases.

水杨酸（SA）或2-羟基苯甲酸是一种酚类植物激素，在植物对抗生物营养和半生物营养病原体的防御中起着至关重要的作用。在拟南芥中，SA是在病原体感染期间从叶绿体中的分支酸通过ICS1（异分支酸合酶I）途径合成的。转录共激活因子NPR1（与病程相关的非表达基因1）作为SA信号的主要调控因子，与转录因子相互作用，诱导抗菌素PR（与病程相关的表达）的表达。）基因。为了建立成功的感染，植物细菌，卵菌，真菌和病毒病原体已经进化出至少三种主要策略来破坏SA介导的防御。第一种策略是通过将SA转化为其非活性衍生物来直接减少SA的积累。第二种策略是通过靶向ICS1途径来中断SA生物合成。在第三个主要策略中，植物病原体采用不同的机制来干扰SA下游信号传导。植物病原体采用的各种策略突出了破坏SA介导的植物防御机制在植物发病机理中的关键作用。对这一主题的更深入了解将极大地扩展我们对植物病原体如何引起疾病的知识，从而为开发控制这些疾病的更有效方法铺平道路。