Cholesterol oxidation products, also named oxysterols, can be formed either by cholesterol auto-oxidation, enzymatically or both. Among these oxysterols, 7-ketocholesterol (7KC) is mainly formed during radical attacks that take place on the carbon 7 of cholesterol. As increased levels of 7KC have been found in the tissues, plasma and/or cerebrospinal fluid of patients with major diseases, especially age-related diseases (cardiovascular diseases, eye diseases, neurodegenerative diseases), some cancers, and chronic inflammatory diseases, it is suspected that 7KC, could contribute to their development. Since 7KC, provided by the diet or endogenously formed, is not or little efficiently metabolized, except in hepatic cells, its cellular accumulation can trigger numerous side effects including oxidative stress, inflammation and cell death. To counteract 7KC-induced side effects, it is necessary to characterize the metabolic pathways activated by this oxysterol to identify potential targets for cytoprotection and geroprotection. Currently, several natural compounds (tocopherols, fatty acids, polyphenols, etc) or mixtures of compounds (oils) used in traditional medicine are able to inhibit the deleterious effects of 7KC. The different molecules identified could be valued in different ways (functional foods, recombinant molecules, theranostic) to prevent or treat diseases associated with 7KC.

中文翻译：

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天然化合物预防7-酮胆固醇诱发的副作用

胆固醇氧化产物，也称为氧固醇，可以通过胆固醇的自动氧化，酶促的或两者的结合而形成。在这些氧固醇中，7-酮胆固醇（7KC）主要是在胆固醇的碳7发生自由基攻击期间形成的。由于在患有重大疾病，尤其是与年龄相关的疾病（心血管疾病，眼病，神经退行性疾病），某些癌症和慢性炎性疾病的患者的组织，血浆和/或脑脊液中发现7KC的水平升高，因此怀疑7KC可以为他们的发展做出贡献。由于饮食提供的或内源性形成的7KC不能或几乎没有有效地代谢，除了在肝细胞中，其细胞蓄积可引发许多副作用，包括氧化应激，炎症和细胞死亡。为了抵消7KC诱导的副作用，有必要表征由该氧固醇激活的代谢途径，以鉴定潜在的细胞保护和神经保护靶标。当前，在传统医学中使用的几种天然化合物（生育酚，脂肪酸，多酚等）或化合物（油）的混合物能够抑制7KC的有害作用。可以通过不同的方式（功能食品，重组分子，治疗诊断法）对鉴定出的不同分子进行评估，以预防或治疗与7KC相关的疾病。等）或传统医学中使用的化合物（油）的混合物能够抑制7KC的有害作用。可以通过不同的方式（功能食品，重组分子，治疗诊断法）对鉴定出的不同分子进行评估，以预防或治疗与7KC相关的疾病。等）或传统医学中使用的化合物（油）的混合物能够抑制7KC的有害作用。可以通过不同的方式（功能食品，重组分子，治疗诊断法）对鉴定出的不同分子进行评估，以预防或治疗与7KC相关的疾病。