Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains, their isolated constituents and substances that they secrete exert various anti-cancer actions, resulting from their anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic and anti-oxidant properties. They can express and secrete anti-oxidant enzymes, bind reactive oxygen species, release small molecular weight anti-oxidants and chelate transition metals, preventing detrimental actions of many carcinogens. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium can interact with proteins regulating the cell cycle inhibiting proliferation of cancer cells, which often are intrinsically resistant to apoptosis. Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria can break this resistance through activation of pro-caspases and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and upregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax proteins. Anti-cancer effects of these bacteria can be also associated with their multi-pathways action in the microbiota. However, exact mechanism of their anti-cancer action is poorly known and needs further studies, which are justified by the important role of these bacteria in cancer biology as well as their potential preventive and therapeutic use.

中文翻译：

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乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌菌株的抗增殖，促凋亡和抗氧化活性：机理和治疗观点的综述。

乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌菌株，它们分离的成分和分泌的物质由于具有抗增殖，促凋亡和抗氧化的特性而发挥了多种抗癌作用。它们可以表达和分泌抗氧化酶，结合活性氧，释放小分子量抗氧化剂和螯合过渡金属，从而防止许多致癌物的有害作用。乳杆菌和双歧杆菌可以与调节细胞周期的蛋白质相互作用，从而抑制癌细胞的增殖，而癌细胞通常固有地对凋亡具有抗性。乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌可以通过激活前胱天蛋白酶和下调抗凋亡Bcl-2以及上调前凋亡Bax蛋白来打破这种抗性。这些细菌的抗癌作用也可能与其在微生物群中的多途径作用有关。但是，它们的抗癌作用的确切机理尚不清楚，需要进一步研究，这些细菌在癌症生物学中的重要作用以及其潜在的预防和治疗用途是有道理的。