Abstract One drawback of white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) is the white angular dependence (WAD). Aimed to suppress the WAD of tandem WOLED to a negligible degree, we investigated the effect of optical resonance and probed various scattering structures. In a two-tandem configuration, the emissive layer physically remote from the reflective metal electrode is causing detrimental WAD. By combining an external nanoparticle based volumetric scattering film and an internal random nanostructure, it was possible to suppress the WAD of tandem WOLED to a value as low as 0.005, which is indistinguishable to human eyes.

中文翻译：

---

稳定串联白色有机发光二极管的色移

摘要 白色有机发光二极管 (WOLED) 的一个缺点是白色角度依赖性 (WAD)。为了将串联 WOLED 的 WAD 抑制到可忽略的程度，我们研究了光学共振的影响并探索了各种散射结构。在双串联配置中，物理上远离反射金属电极的发射层会导致有害的 WAD。通过将基于外部纳米粒子的体积散射膜和内部随机纳米结构相结合，可以将串联 WOLED 的 WAD 抑制到低至 0.005 的值，这是人眼无法区分的。