Abstract In this research study, multi dopant barium hexaferrites nanoparticles with nominal composition of BaCoxCuxZr2xFe12-4xO19 (x = 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5) have been prepared by sol-gel auto-combustion method. Then, their magnetic and microwave properties were studied in detail. These characteristics were investigated using various instruments including X-ray diffraction (XRD) by the FULLPROF program, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and vector network analyzer (VNA). The XRD, along with FTIR evaluations confirmed the successful substitution of Co, Cu and Zr cations in the barium hexaferrite lattice. The VSM analysis proved that by increasing cobalt, copper and zirconium substitutions, the saturation magnetization, coercivity and remanence values are decreased. With an increase in the concentration of Co-Cu-Zr ions, a monotonic decrease in coercivity, ranging from 3540 Oe to 396 Oe was also observed. The reasons of the changes in the magnetic and microwave absorption properties by adding the multi dopant were also investigated. The maximum reflection loss of −27.4 dB observed in BaCo0.5Cu0.5ZrFe10O19 sample with a bandwidth of about 5.3 GHz which covered almost whole measured microwave frequency range of 12–18 GHz. Which make it to be a good candidate to design single layer microwave absorber for applying in the Ku band.

中文翻译：

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六铁酸钡结构中几种阳离子同时取代的结构、磁性和微波吸收特性的研究

摘要 在本研究中，采用溶胶-凝胶自燃法制备了标称组成为 BaCoxCuxZr2xFe12-4xO19 (x = 0.0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4 和 0.5) 的多掺杂六铁氧体钡纳米颗粒。然后，详细研究了它们的磁性和微波特性。使用各种仪器研究这些特性，包括通过 FULLPROF 程序的 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR)、场发射扫描电子显微镜 (FESEM)、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)、振动样品磁强计 (VSM)和矢量网络分析仪 (VNA)。XRD 以及 FTIR 评估证实了六铁酸钡晶格中 Co、Cu 和 Zr 阳离子的成功取代。VSM 分析证明，通过增加钴、铜和锆的取代量，饱和磁化强度、矫顽力和剩磁值降低。随着 Co-Cu-Zr 离子浓度的增加，还观察到矫顽力单调下降，范围从 3540 Oe 到 396 Oe。还研究了添加多掺杂剂导致磁性和微波吸收性能发生变化的原因。在带宽约为 5.3 GHz 的 BaCo0.5Cu0.5ZrFe10O19 样品中观察到的最大反射损耗为 -27.4 dB，几乎覆盖了 12-18 GHz 的整个测量微波频率范围。这使其成为设计用于Ku波段的单层微波吸收器的良好候选者。还研究了添加多掺杂剂导致磁性和微波吸收性能发生变化的原因。在带宽约为 5.3 GHz 的 BaCo0.5Cu0.5ZrFe10O19 样品中观察到的最大反射损耗为 -27.4 dB，几乎覆盖了 12-18 GHz 的整个测量微波频率范围。这使其成为设计用于Ku波段的单层微波吸收器的良好候选者。还研究了添加多掺杂剂导致磁性和微波吸收性能发生变化的原因。在带宽约为 5.3 GHz 的 BaCo0.5Cu0.5ZrFe10O19 样品中观察到的最大反射损耗为 -27.4 dB，几乎覆盖了 12-18 GHz 的整个测量微波频率范围。这使其成为设计用于Ku波段的单层微波吸收器的良好候选者。