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Osthole prevents tamoxifen-induced liver injury in mice.
Acta Pharmacologica Sinica ( IF 6.9 ) Pub Date : 2018-10-12 , DOI: 10.1038/s41401-018-0171-y
Wen-Bo Zhou 1 , Xin-Xin Zhang 1 , Yun Cai 1 , Wu Sun 1 , Hao Li 1
Affiliation  

Tamoxifen (TMX) is an antiestrogen drug that is used in the treatment and prevention of all stages of estrogen-dependent breast cancer. Adverse effects of TMX include hepatotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of osthole, isolated from medicinal plants especially Fructus Cnidii, on TMX-induced acute liver injury in mice. Mice were injected with osthole (100 mg/kg, ip) or vehicle, followed by TMX (90 mg/kg, ip) 24 h later. We showed that a single injection of TMX-induced liver injury and oxidative stress. Pretreatment with osthole attenuated TMX-induced liver injury evidenced by dose-dependent reduction of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Pretreatment with osthole also blunted TMX-induced oxidative stress, evidenced by significant increase of reduced glutathione (GSH) as well as reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Consistently, osthole significantly enhanced the expressions of antioxidant genes (GPX1, SOD2, GCL-c, and G6pdh), but suppressed those of pro-oxidant genes (NOX2 and ACOX). Furthermore, osthole inhibited the production of inflammatory cytokines, reduced the metabolic activation of TMX, and promoted its clearance. We further revealed that osthole elevated hepatic cAMP and cGMP levels, but inhibition of PKA or PKG failed to abolish the hepatoprotective effect of osthole. Meanwhile, prominent phosphorylation of p38 was observed in liver in response to TMX, which was significantly inhibited by osthole. Pretreatment with SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, significantly attenuated TMX-induced increase of ALT and AST activities, reduced oxidative stress, and reversed the alterations of gene expression caused by TMX. Moreover, pretreatment with L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, partly reversed the effect of osthole on TMX-induced liver injury. Consistently, pretreatment with N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated TMX-induced increase in ALT and AST activities. Notably, both BSO and NAC had no detectable effect on the phosphorylation levels of p38. Collectively, our results suggest that osthole prevents TMX hepatotoxicity by suppressing p38 activation and subsequently reducing TMX-induced oxidative damage.

中文翻译:

Osthole 可防止他莫昔芬引起的小鼠肝损伤。

他莫昔芬 (TMX) 是一种抗雌激素药物,用于治疗和预防所有阶段的雌激素依赖性乳腺癌。TMX 的副作用包括肝毒性。在这项研究中,我们研究了从药用植物尤其是刺槐中分离的蛇床子素对 TMX 诱导的小鼠急性肝损伤的治疗作用。给小鼠注射蛇床子素 (100 mg/kg, ip) 或载体,然后在 24 小时后注射 TMX (90 mg/kg, ip)。我们展示了单次注射TMX 引起的肝损伤和氧化应激。通过血清丙氨酸转氨酶 (ALT) 和天冬氨酸转氨酶 (AST) 活性的剂量依赖性降低证明,蛇床子素预处理可减轻 TMX 诱导的肝损伤。蛇床子素预处理也减弱了 TMX 诱导的氧化应激,还原型谷胱甘肽 (GSH) 的显着增加以及丙二醛 (MDA) 和过氧化氢 (H2O2) 的减少都证明了这一点。一致地,蛇床子素显着增强抗氧化基因(GPX1、SOD2、GCL-c 和 G6pdh)的表达,但抑制促氧化基因(NOX2 和 ACOX)的表达。此外,蛇床子素抑制炎性细胞因子的产生,降低TMX的代谢活化,并促进其清除。我们进一步揭示了蛇床子素提​​高了肝 cAMP 和 cGMP 水平,但抑制 PKA 或 PKG 未能消除蛇床子素的保肝作用。同时,在肝脏中观察到显着的 p38 磷酸化,以响应 TMX,其被蛇床子素显着抑制。用 SB203580(一种 p38 抑制剂)预处理,显着减弱 TMX 诱导的 ALT 和 AST 活性增加,减少氧化应激,并逆转 TMX 引起的基因表达改变。此外,用 GSH 合成抑制剂 L-丁硫氨酸亚砜亚胺 (BSO) 进行预处理,部分逆转了蛇床子素对 TMX 诱导的肝损伤的影响。一致地,用 N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸 (NAC) 预处理显着减弱了 TMX 诱导的 ALT 和 AST 活性增加。值得注意的是,BSO 和 NAC 都对 p38 的磷酸化水平没有可检测的影响。总的来说,我们的结果表明蛇床子素通过抑制 p38 激活并随后减少 TMX 诱导的氧化损伤来防止 TMX 肝毒性。GSH 合成抑制剂,部分逆转了蛇床子素对 TMX 诱导的肝损伤的影响。一致地,用 N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸 (NAC) 预处理显着减弱了 TMX 诱导的 ALT 和 AST 活性增加。值得注意的是,BSO 和 NAC 都对 p38 的磷酸化水平没有可检测的影响。总的来说,我们的结果表明蛇床子素通过抑制 p38 激活并随后减少 TMX 诱导的氧化损伤来防止 TMX 肝毒性。GSH 合成抑制剂,部分逆转了蛇床子素对 TMX 诱导的肝损伤的影响。一致地,用 N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸 (NAC) 预处理显着减弱了 TMX 诱导的 ALT 和 AST 活性增加。值得注意的是,BSO 和 NAC 都对 p38 的磷酸化水平没有可检测的影响。总的来说,我们的结果表明蛇床子素通过抑制 p38 激活并随后减少 TMX 诱导的氧化损伤来防止 TMX 肝毒性。
更新日期:2019-01-26
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