Selective cyanation of aryl halides was achieved with CO₂ and NH₃ as the only sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively. In the presence of Cu catalysts under low pressure (3 atm), a variety of aromatic iodides and bromides were transformed to the desired nitrile products without the use of toxic metal cyanides. Notably, olefins, esters, amides, alcohols, and amino groups were tolerated. Mechanistic studies suggest that Cu(III)-aryl insertion by isocyanate intermediates is involved. [¹³C,¹⁵N]-labeled nitriles were conveniently accessible from the respective isotope-labeled CO₂ and NH₃ via this methodology.

中文翻译：

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使用CO ₂和NH ₃催化氰化

分别使用CO ₂和NH ₃作为唯一的碳和氮源，实现了芳基卤化物的选择性氰化。在低压（3个大气压）下存在铜催化剂的情况下，无需使用有毒的金属氰化物，即可将各种芳族碘化物和溴化物转化为所需的腈产品。值得注意的是，可以容忍烯烃，酯，酰胺，醇和氨基。机理研究表明，涉及异氰酸酯中间体的Cu（III）-芳基插入。通过这种方法可以方便地从相应的同位素标记的CO ₂和NH _3中获得[ ¹³ C，¹⁵ N]标记的腈。