Reverse osmosis (RO) is one of the most widely used technologies for wastewater treatment for the removal of toxic impurities, such as phenol and phenolic compounds from industrial effluents. In this research, performance of multi-stage RO wastewater treatment system is evaluated for the removal of chlorophenol from wastewater using model-based techniques. A number of alternative configurations with recycling of permeate, retentate, and permeate-retentate streams are considered. The performance is measured in terms of total recovery rate, permeate product concentration, overall chlorophenol rejection and energy consumption and the effect of a number of operating parameters on the overall performance of the alternative configurations are evaluated. The results clearly show that the permeate recycling scheme at fixed plant feed flow rate can remarkably improve the final chlorophenol concentration of the product despite a reduction in the total recovery rate.

反渗透（RO）是废水处理中使用最广泛的技术之一，用于去除工业废水中的有毒杂质，例如苯酚和酚类化合物。在这项研究中，使用基于模型的技术评估了多级反渗透废水处理系统的性能，以从废水中去除氯酚。考虑了许多再循环渗透物，截留物和渗透物-截留物流的替代构造。根据总回收率，渗透产物浓度，总氯苯酚截留率和能量消耗来测量性能，并评估许多操作参数对替代配置的总体性能的影响。