Although UHT heat treatment is being optimized to improve the stability and functional properties of dairy products, its metabolic effects remain scarcely known. As such, we studied the effect of the type of UHT process on lipid metabolism, intestinal barrier, and inflammation in mice. Nine-week-old male C57Bl/6J mice were fed a diet composed of nonlipidic powder mixed with different UHT dairy creams (final: 13% milkfat) for 1 or 4 wk. All creams contained 0.02% of thickener (carrageenan) and were treated via either (1) classical indirect heating process (Th), (2) indirect process at higher temperature (Th+), or (3) direct process by steam injection (ThD). Plasma, epididymal adipose tissue (EAT), and intestine were analyzed. Multivariate principal component analyses were used to identify differential effects of processes. Th+ differed by a globally higher liver damage score compared with that of the other creams. After 4 wk, the duodenal expression of lipid absorption genes fatty acid binding protein 4 (Fatp4) and microsomal triglycerides transfer protein (Mttp) was lower in the Th+ versus Th group. Expression in the colon of tight junction protein zonula occludens 1 (Zo-1) and of some endoplasmic reticulum stress markers was lower in both Th+ and ThD versus the Th group. In EAT, ThD had lower gene expression of several inflammatory markers after 4 wk. Some differential effects may be related to heat-induced physicochemical changes of creams. The type of cream UHT process differentially affected metabolic parameters in mice after a 4-wk fat-rich diet, partly due to cream structure. Altogether, direct steam injection process induced the lowest early markers of high-fat-induced metabolic inflammation in EAT.

尽管正在优化UHT热处理以改善乳制品的稳定性和功能特性，但其代谢作用仍然鲜为人知。因此，我们研究了UHT过程类型对小鼠脂质代谢，肠屏障和炎症的影响。给九周大的雄性C57Bl / 6J小鼠喂食一种由非脂类粉末与不同的UHT乳膏（最终：13％乳脂）混合制成的饮食1或4周。所有乳膏均含有0.02％的增稠剂（角叉菜胶），并通过（1）经典间接加热工艺（Th），（2）高温间接工艺（Th +）或（3）蒸汽喷射直接工艺（ThD）进行处理。分析血浆，附睾脂肪组织（EAT）和肠。多变量主成分分析用于确定过程的不同影响。与其他面霜相比，Th +的总体肝损伤得分更高。4周后，脂质吸收基因脂肪酸结合蛋白4（与Th组相比，Th +组的Fatp4和微粒体甘油三酸酯转移蛋白（Mttp）较低。与Th组相比，Th +和ThD在紧密连接蛋白小带咬合蛋白1（Zo-1）和某些内质网应激标记在结肠中的表达均较低。在EAT中，4周后ThD的几种炎症标记物的基因表达较低。一些不同的作用可能与乳膏的热诱导物理化学变化有关。富含4周脂肪的饮食后，乳脂UHT过程的类型差异影响小鼠的代谢参数，部分原因是乳脂的结构。总而言之，直接蒸汽喷射过程在EAT中诱发了高脂诱导的代谢炎症的最低早期指标。