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Nitrogen‐Doped Biomass‐Derived Carbon Formed by Mechanochemical Synthesis for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
ChemSusChem ( IF 7.5 ) Pub Date : 2018-11-26 , DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801997
Christina Schneidermann 1 , Christian Kensy 2 , Pascal Otto 1 , Steffen Oswald 3 , Lars Giebeler 3 , Desirée Leistenschneider 1 , Sven Grätz 1 , Susanne Dörfler 2 , Stefan Kaskel 2 , Lars Borchardt 1
Affiliation  

Nitrogen‐doped carbons were synthesized by a solvent‐free mechanochemically induced one‐pot synthesis by using renewable biomass waste. Three solid materials are used: sawdust as a carbon source, urea and/or melamine as a nitrogen source, and potassium carbonate as an activation agent. The resulting nitrogen‐doped porous carbons offer a very high specific surface area of up to 3000 m2 g−1 and a large pore volume up to 2 cm3 g−1. Also, a high nitrogen content of 4 wt % (urea only) up to 12 wt % (melamine only) is generated, depending on the nitrogen and carbon sources. The mechanochemical reaction and the impact of different wood components on the porosity and surface functionalities are investigated by nitrogen physisorption and high‐resolution X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These N‐doped carbons are highly suitable as cathode materials for Li–S batteries, showing high initial discharge capacities of up to 1300 mAh gsulfur−1 (95 % coulombic efficiency) and >75 % capacity retention within the first 50 cycles at low electrolyte volume.

中文翻译:

机械化学合成锂硫电池形成的氮掺杂生物质衍生碳

通过使用可再生生物质废物,通过无溶剂机械化学诱导的一锅法合成氮掺杂碳。使用三种固体材料:锯末作为碳源,尿素和/或三聚氰胺作为氮源,碳酸钾作为活化剂。所得的氮掺杂多孔碳具有高达3000 m 2  g -1的非常高的比表面积和高达2 cm 3  g -1的大孔体积。而且,取决于氮和碳源,产生高达4wt%(仅尿素)至高达12wt%(仅三聚氰胺)的高氮含量。通过氮物理吸附和高分辨率X射线光电子能谱(XPS)研究了机械化学反应以及不同木材组分对孔隙度和表面功能的影响。这些N掺杂碳非常适合用作Li–S电池的正极材料,在低50%的前50个循环中显示出高达1300 mAh g-1(95%库仑效率)的高初始放电容量和大于75%的容量保持率。电解液量。
更新日期:2018-11-26
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