The Permian-Triassic mass extinction was the worst crisis faced by life; it killed >90% of marine species in less than 0.1 million years (Ma). However, knowledge of its macroecological impact over prolonged time scales is limited. We show that marine ecosystems dominated by non-motile animals shifted to ones dominated by nektonic groups after the extinction. In Triassic oceans, animals at high trophic levels recovered faster than those at lower levels. The top-down rebuilding of marine ecosystems was still underway in the latest Triassic, ~50 Ma after the extinction, and contrasts with the ~5-Ma recovery required for taxonomic diversity. The decoupling between taxonomic and ecological recoveries suggests that a process of vacant niche filling before reaching the maximum environmental carrying capacity is independent of ecosystem structure building.

中文翻译：

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分类学和生态学的恢复与二叠纪-三叠纪的灭绝联系起来。

二叠纪-三叠纪大灭绝是生命所面临的最严重的危机。在不到十万年的时间里，它杀死了超过90％的海洋物种（马）。但是，有关其在长时间范围内的宏观生态影响的知识是有限的。我们表明，灭绝后，由非活动性动物主导的海洋生态系统转移到了由交感神经群主导的海洋生态系统。在三叠纪海洋中，高营养水平的动物比低营养水平的动物恢复得更快。在最近的三叠纪，灭绝后约50 Ma，海洋生态系统的自上而下的重建工作仍在进行中，这与分类学多样性所需的约5 Ma恢复形成了鲜明的对比。