Abstract MgAl-hydrotalcites (HT) containing 1–2% of the lanthanide ions La3+, Ce3+ and Lu3+ were evaluated as heterogeneous catalysts in the transesterification process for fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) synthesis in order to understand the effect of the high ionic-radii of these metals in the material structure and their catalytic activity. The addition of lanthanides to the catalysts resulted in a decrease of the thermal degradation temperature as well as the specific surface, but, on the other hand, it increases the basicity, crystallinity, and improve the yield in biodiesel production. In general, MMOs with 1% of lanthanides showed higher yields than those with 2%, and the oxide with 1% of Lu3+ reached the best catalytic result for ethanol biodiesel production (84%), about 4.5 times greater than the reference material.

中文翻译：

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镧系元素掺杂对Mg-Al混合氧化物作为脂肪酸乙酯合成活性酸碱催化剂的影响

摘要 MgAl-水滑石 (HT) 含有 1-2% 的镧系离子 La3+、Ce3+ 和 Lu3+ 被评估为脂肪酸乙酯 (FAEE) 合成酯交换过程中的多相催化剂，以了解高离子-这些金属在材料结构中的半径及其催化活性。在催化剂中加入镧系元素导致热降解温度和比表面积降低，但另一方面，它增加了碱度、结晶度并提高了生物柴油生产的产率。总的来说，镧系元素含量为 1% 的 MMOs 的产率高于 2%，而 Lu3+ 含量为 1% 的氧化物对乙醇生物柴油生产的催化效果最好（84%），比参考材料高约 4.5 倍。