Thermotherapy is a widespread technique that provides relief for muscle spasms and joint injuries. A great deal of energy is used to heat the surrounding environment, and heat emitted by the human body is wasted on our surroundings. Herein, a woven Kevlar fiber (WKF)-based personal thermal management device was fabricated by directly growing vertical copper–nickel (Cu–Ni) nanowires (NWs) on the WKF surface using a hydrothermal method. The treated WKF was combined with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) dispersed in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to form composites using vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM). This WKF-based personal thermal management system contained a conductive network of metallic NWs and rGO that promoted effective Joule heating and reflected back the infrared (IR) radiation emitted by the human body. It thus behaved as a type of thermal insulation. The Cu–Ni NWs were synthesized with a tunable Ni layer on Cu core NWs to enhance the oxidation resistance of the Cu NWs. The combined effect of the NW networks and rGO enabled a surface temperature of 70 °C to be attained on application of 1.5 V to the composites. The Cu₃Ni₁–WKF/PDMS provided 43% more thermal insulation and higher IR reflectance than bare WKF/PDMS. The absorbed impact energy and tensile strength was highest for the Cu₁Ni₃- and rGO-integrated WKF/PDMS samples. Those Cu–Ni NWs having higher Ni contents displayed better mechanical properties and those with higher Cu contents showed higher Joule heating performance and IR reflectivity at a given rGO loading. The composite shows sufficient breathability and very high durability. The high flexibility of the composites and their ability to generate sufficient heat during various human motions ensures their suitability for wearable applications.

中文翻译：

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编织凯夫拉尔纤维/聚二甲基硅氧烷/氧化石墨烯复合材料的基于个人的热管理，具有独立的Cu-Ni核-壳纳米线

热疗是一种广泛使用的技术，可缓解肌肉痉挛和关节损伤。大量的能量被用来加热周围的环境，而人体散发的热量则浪费在我们的周围环境上。在此，通过使用水热法在WKF表面上直接生长垂直铜-镍（Cu-Ni）纳米线（NWs），制造了基于编织凯夫拉尔纤维（WKF）的个人热管理设备。将处理后的WKF与分散在聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）中的还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）结合使用真空辅助树脂传递模塑（VARTM）形成复合材料。这种基于WKF的个人热管理系统包含金属NW和rGO的导电网络，可促进有效的焦耳加热并反射回人体发出的红外（IR）辐射。因此，它表现为一种绝热。合成了具有可调镍层的Cu-Ni NW，以增强Cu NWs的抗氧化性。NW网络和rGO的共同作用使得在复合材料上施加1.5 V电压时可达到70°C的表面温度。铜₃ Ni ₁ –WKF / PDMS的热绝缘性和IR反射率比裸WKF / PDMS高43％。对于Cu ₁ Ni _3-和rGO集成的WKF / PDMS样品，吸收的冲击能和拉伸强度最高。在给定的rGO负载下，具有较高Ni含量的Cu-Ni NW表现出更好的机械性能，而具有较高Cu含量的Cu-Ni NW表现出更高的焦耳加热性能和IR反射率。该复合材料显示出足够的透气性和非常高的耐久性。复合材料的高柔韧性及其在各种人体运动过程中产生足够热量的能力确保了它们在可穿戴应用中的适用性。