The further development of fishery resources is a hotspot in the development of the fishery industry. However, how to develop aquatic animal resources deeply is a key point to be solved in the fishery industry. Over the past decades, numerous aquatic animals have gained great attention in the development and utilization of their bioactive molecules which are of therapeutic applications as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. Recent research revealed that aquatic animals are composed of many vital moieties, such as polysaccharides and proteins, which provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition. In particular, aquatic animal polysaccharides are gaining worldwide popularity owing to their high content, ease of extraction, specific structure, few side effects, prominent therapeutic potential and incorporation in functional foods and dietary supplements. Thus, tremendous research on the isolation, identification and bioactivities of polysaccharides has been carried out. This review presents comprehensive viewpoints on extraction, separation, purification, structural characterization and bioactivity of various polysaccharides from aquatic animals, such as sea cucumber, abalone, oyster and mussels. In addition, this review profiled a brief knowledge on both current challenges and future scope in aquatic animal polysaccharides field. The review will be a direction of deep processing in fishery resources, which is a hotspot, but technical bottleneck. Furthermore, the review could be served as a useful reference material for further investigation, production and application of polysaccharides from aquatic animals in functional foods and therapeutic agents.

中文翻译：

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水生动物多糖的提取，分离，纯化，结构表征方法及其主要药理活性

渔业资源的进一步发展是渔业产业发展的热点。但是，如何深层次开发水生动物资源是渔业需要解决的关键问题。在过去的几十年中，许多水生动物在其生物活性分子的开发和利用中获得了极大的关注，这些生物活性分子可作为营养保健品和药物用于治疗。最近的研究表明，水生动物由许多重要部分组成，例如多糖和蛋白质，它们除了提供基本营养外，还对健康有益。特别是水生动物多糖，由于其含量高，易于提取，特定结构，几乎没有副作用，因而在世界范围内广受欢迎。突出的治疗潜力，并纳入功能性食品和膳食补充剂中。因此，已经进行了关于多糖的分离，鉴定和生物活性的大量研究。这篇综述提出了从水生动物，例如海参，鲍鱼，牡蛎和贻贝中提取，分离，纯化，结构表征和生物活性的综合观点。此外，本文还概述了有关水生动物多糖领域当前挑战和未来范围的简要知识。审查将成为渔业资源深加工的一个方向，这是一个热点，但是技术瓶颈。此外，该评论可以作为进一步调查的有用参考材料，