The fabrication of micro-sized three-dimensional (3D) patterns with kaolin-based materials has significant potential in structural, functional, and industrial applications. In this study, kaolin suspensions with varying silicate moduli of water glass (WG) were used in direct ink writing (DIW) for assembly of 3D structures. To investigate the influence of suspension stability and writability with various silicate moduli of WG, a series of zeta potential and rheological tests were implemented. The kaolin suspension with a WG silicate modulus of 2.4 has the maximum zeta potential absolute value of 75.93 mV, which reflected the highly stabilized suspension. These rheological results demonstrated that a kaolin suspension with a WG silicate modulus of 2.4 was the optimal DIW suspension because of its good shear thinning and viscoelastic properties at a lower shear stress. The filaments in this kaolin suspension maintained their initial shape without spreading. Excellent 3D written structures with a geometrical dimension of 700 μm were successfully prepared.

中文翻译：

---

通过直接用高岭土悬浮液进行墨水书写来创建三维结构

使用基于高岭土的材料制造的微型三维（3D）图案在结构，功能和工业应用中具有巨大的潜力。在这项研究中，具有变化的水玻璃硅酸盐模量（WG）的高岭土悬浮液用于直接墨水书写（DIW）中以组装3D结构。为了研究悬浮液稳定性和可写性对WG的各种硅酸盐模量的影响，进行了一系列的ζ电位和流变学测试。WG硅酸盐模量为2.4的高岭土悬浮液的最大Zeta电位绝对值为75.93 mV，这反映了高度稳定的悬浮液。这些流变学结果表明，WG硅酸盐模量为2的高岭土悬浮液。4是最佳的DIW悬浮液，因为它在较低的剪切应力下具有良好的剪切稀化和粘弹性质。该高岭土悬浮液中的长丝保持其初始形状而没有铺展。成功制备了几何尺寸为700μm的出色3D书面结构。