Cognitive and gait deficits are two debilitating symptoms that occur in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Importantly, a relationship between cognitive and gait deficits exists in PD, suggesting reliance on cognition is increased to compensate for gait deficits and/or deterioration of cognition and gait may share common mechanisms. Rehabilitation strategies targeting one factor could lead to the improvement of the other, presenting a unique opportunity to treat both simultaneously. Gold-standard pharmaceuticals partially alleviate these deficits with significant side effects, highlighting the importance of investigating adjunct therapies like exercise. We critically reviewed the influence of three exercise modalities (aerobic, resistance, and goal-based) on cognition and/or gait in PD. Most studies showed improvements in cognition or gait, yet, a limited number investigated them concurrently. This is the first review examining exercise for cognition and gait in PD. Key gaps in the literature are identified; potential exercise-driven mechanisms for enhancements in cognition and gait proposed, and suggestions for the design of future studies investigating the effects of exercise on cognition and gait in PD.

认知和步态缺陷是帕金森氏病（PD）中出现的两个使人衰弱的症状。重要的是，PD中存在认知与步态缺陷之间的关系，这表明增加了对认知的依赖以补偿步态缺陷和/或认知和步态的恶化可能具有共同的机制。针对一个因素的康复策略可能会导致另一因素的改善，这为同时治疗两者提供了独特的机会。黄金标准的药物可以部分缓解这些缺陷，并具有明显的副作用，这凸显了研究运动等辅助疗法的重要性。我们批判性地回顾了三种锻炼方式（有氧运动，阻力运动和基于目标的运动）对PD认知和/或步态的影响。大多数研究表明，认知或步态有所改善，少数人同时调查了他们。这是首次审查PD中认知和步态的练习。找出文献中的主要空白；提出了潜在的运动驱动的机制来增强认知和步态，并为研究运动对PD的认知和步态的影响的未来研究设计提供了建议。