Antimicrobial glycoconjugate vaccines: an overview of classic and modern approaches for protein modification,Chemical Society Reviews

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Antimicrobial glycoconjugate vaccines: an overview of classic and modern approaches for protein modification
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-10-02 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00495a
Francesco Berti _{1,

2,

3} , Roberto Adamo _{1,

2,

3}

Affiliation

Glycoconjugate vaccines obtained by chemical linkage of a carbohydrate antigen to a protein are part of routine vaccinations in many countries. Licensed antimicrobial glycan–protein conjugate vaccines are obtained by random conjugation of native or sized polysaccharides to lysine, aspartic or glutamic amino acid residues that are generally abundantly exposed on the protein surface. In the last few years, the structural approaches for the definition of the polysaccharide portion (epitope) responsible for the immunological activity has shown potential to aid a deeper understanding of the mode of action of glycoconjugates and to lead to the rational design of more efficacious and safer vaccines. The combination of technologies to obtain more defined carbohydrate antigens of higher purity and novel approaches for protein modification has a fundamental role. In particular, methods for site selective glycoconjugation like chemical or enzymatic modification of specific amino acid residues, incorporation of unnatural amino acids and glycoengineering, are rapidly evolving. Here we discuss the state of the art of protein engineering with carbohydrates to obtain glycococonjugates vaccines and future perspectives.

中文翻译：

抗菌糖缀合物疫苗：蛋白质修饰的经典和现代方法概述

通过碳水化合物抗原与蛋白质的化学连接获得的糖缀合物疫苗是许多国家常规疫苗接种的一部分。通过将天然或大小的多糖与通常大量暴露于蛋白质表面的赖氨酸，天冬氨酸或谷氨酸残基无规结合而获得许可的抗菌聚糖蛋白结合疫苗。在过去的几年中，用于确定负责免疫活性的多糖部分（表位）的结构方法已显示出潜力，可以帮助人们更深入地理解糖结合物的作用方式，并导致合理设计更有效和更有效的方法。更安全的疫苗。获得更高纯度的更明确的碳水化合物抗原的技术与蛋白质修饰的新方法的结合具有根本的作用。特别地，诸如特定氨基酸残基的化学或酶修饰，非天然氨基酸的掺入和糖工程的位点选择性糖缀合的方法正在迅速发展。在这里，我们讨论了利用碳水化合物获得糖共轭合物疫苗的蛋白质工程技术的发展水平和未来的前景。

更新日期：2018-10-02

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