Graphene is an ideal material for optoelectronic applications. Its photonic properties give several advantages and complementarities over Si photonics. For example, graphene enables both electro-absorption and electro-refraction modulation with an electro-optical index change exceeding 10⁻³. It can be used for optical add–drop multiplexing with voltage control, eliminating the current dissipation used for the thermal detuning of microresonators, and for thermoelectric-based ultrafast optical detectors that generate a voltage without transimpedance amplifiers. Here, we present our vision for graphene-based integrated photonics. We review graphene-based transceivers and compare them with existing technologies. Strategies for improving power consumption, manufacturability and wafer-scale integration are addressed. We outline a roadmap of the technological requirements to meet the demands of the datacom and telecom markets. We show that graphene-based integrated photonics could enable ultrahigh spatial bandwidth density, low power consumption for board connectivity and connectivity between data centres, access networks and metropolitan, core, regional and long-haul optical communications.

石墨烯是光电应用的理想材料。与Si光子学相比，其光子学特性具有许多优势和互补性。例如，石墨烯能够实现电光指数变化超过10 ^-3的电吸收和电折射调制。它可用于带电压控制的光分插复用，消除了用于微谐振器热失谐的电流耗散，也可用于基于热电的超快速光检测器，该检测器无需跨阻放大器即可产生电压。在这里，我们介绍了我们对基于石墨烯的集成光子学的愿景。我们回顾了基于石墨烯的收发器，并将其与现有技术进行了比较。提出了改善功耗，可制造性和晶圆级集成的策略。我们概述了满足数据通信和电信市场需求的技术要求路线图。我们表明，基于石墨烯的集成光子技术可以实现超高的空间带宽密度，低的板级连接功耗以及数据中心，接入网和大城市之间的连接功耗，