Recently, biochar has received significant attention, especially for the removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from water and wastewater. No review has been focused on the potential use of wood-based biochar (WB) for the removal of PTEs in water and wastewater. Here, we have critically reviewed the (i) preparation and characterisation of WB; (ii) removal efficiency of WB for PTEs in water with respect to its physicochemical characteristics, biochar/water ratio, pH, and sorption system; (iii) removal mechanisms of PTEs by WB; (iv) fate of the sorbed PTEs onto WB; and (v) recovery of the sorbed PTEs from the resultant sludge of WB. We also discussed the removal of PTEs by engineered/designer WB as compared to pristine WB. This review demonstrates the overarching scientific opportunities for a comprehensive understanding of using WB as an emerging biosorbent and a promising low-cost and effective material for the remediation of PTEs contaminated water.

中文翻译：

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木质生物炭，用于去除水和废水中的潜在有毒元素：严格审查

最近，生物炭受到了广泛的关注，特别是从水和废水中去除潜在有毒元素（PTE）的过程。尚未针对将木质生物炭（WB）用于去除水和废水中的PTE的潜在用途进行任何审查。在这里，我们对（i）WB的制备和表征进行了严格审查；（ii）WB对PTE的理化特性，生物炭/水比，pH和吸附系统的去除效率；（iii）世行取消PTE的机制；（iv）吸附的PTE在世界银行的命运；（v）从产生的WB污泥中回收吸附的PTE。我们还讨论了与原始WB相比，工程/设计WB去除PTE的情况。