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Clarifying the Role of Free Ammonia in the Production of Short-Chain Fatty Acids from Waste Activated Sludge Anaerobic Fermentation
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-28 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02670 Jianwei Zhao 1, 2, 3, 4 , Yiwen Liu 3 , Yali Wang 1, 2 , Yu Lian 1, 2 , Qilin Wang 3 , Qi Yang 1, 2 , Dongbo Wang 1, 2 , Guo-Jun Xie 5 , Guangming Zeng 1, 2 , Yingjie Sun 4 , Xiaoming Li 1, 2 , Bing-Jie Ni 3
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-28 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02670 Jianwei Zhao 1, 2, 3, 4 , Yiwen Liu 3 , Yali Wang 1, 2 , Yu Lian 1, 2 , Qilin Wang 3 , Qi Yang 1, 2 , Dongbo Wang 1, 2 , Guo-Jun Xie 5 , Guangming Zeng 1, 2 , Yingjie Sun 4 , Xiaoming Li 1, 2 , Bing-Jie Ni 3
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Free ammonia (FA) could accumulate at high levels in the sludge anaerobic fermentation, especially under alkaline fermentation conditions, which might significantly affect the anaerobic fermentation. However, its role in the sludge fermentation process has not been revealed fundamentally. This work therefore aims to fill the knowledge gap through the integration of experimental and mathematical approaches. Experimental results showed that when the initial ammonium concentration increased from 20 to 300 mg/L, the maximal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) yield from fermentation systems with different pH values varied from 91.2 to 296.7 mg of chemical oxygen demand/g volatile suspended solids (VSS). The increasing SCFA production was observed to correlate with the FA level rather than the ammonium level, suggesting that FA, instead of ammonium, is likely the true contributor to enhance SCFA production. Batch tests confirmed that ammonium in the fermentation-strength range (e.g., 0–300 mg/L) did not affect any process of sludge fermentation, but all the processes were affected significantly by FA, pH, or combined FA-pH. It was found that FA facilitated sludge disintegration but inhibited the processes of hydrolysis, acidification, and methanogenesis. When FA and alkaline conditions were combined, synergistic effects on all these processes were observed. The significant contribution of FA to SCFA production was finally confirmed by a sludge fermentation mathematical model proposed recently. The findings reported here revealed the actually existing, yet previously unrecognized contributor to the sludge fermentation, which help engineers better understand the role of FA in sludge anaerobic fermentation.
中文翻译：
澄清游离氨在废活性污泥厌氧发酵生产短链脂肪酸中的作用
在污泥厌氧发酵中，尤其是在碱性发酵条件下，游离氨（FA）可能大量积累，这可能会严重影响厌氧发酵。但是，其在污泥发酵过程中的作用尚未得到根本揭示。因此，这项工作旨在通过整合实验和数学方法来填补知识空白。实验结果表明，当铵的初始浓度从20 mg / L增加到300 mg / L时，来自不同pH值的发酵系统的最大短链脂肪酸（SCFA）产量从91.2至296.7 mg化学需氧量/ g挥发性悬浮液变化固体（VSS）。观察到SCFA产量的增加与FA水平而不是铵水平相关，这表明FA代替了铵，可能是提高SCFA产量的真正贡献者。批处理测试证实，发酵强度范围内的铵（例如0–300 mg / L）不会影响污泥发酵的任何过程，但所有过程均受FA，pH或FA-pH组合的显着影响。发现FA促进了污泥的分解，但是抑制了水解，酸化和甲烷生成的过程。当FA和碱性条件组合时，观察到对所有这些过程的协同作用。最近提出的污泥发酵数学模型最终证实了FA对SCFA生产的重要贡献。此处报告的发现揭示了污泥发酵的实际存在但尚未被认识的贡献者，
更新日期：2018-09-28
中文翻译：
澄清游离氨在废活性污泥厌氧发酵生产短链脂肪酸中的作用
在污泥厌氧发酵中，尤其是在碱性发酵条件下，游离氨（FA）可能大量积累，这可能会严重影响厌氧发酵。但是，其在污泥发酵过程中的作用尚未得到根本揭示。因此，这项工作旨在通过整合实验和数学方法来填补知识空白。实验结果表明，当铵的初始浓度从20 mg / L增加到300 mg / L时，来自不同pH值的发酵系统的最大短链脂肪酸（SCFA）产量从91.2至296.7 mg化学需氧量/ g挥发性悬浮液变化固体（VSS）。观察到SCFA产量的增加与FA水平而不是铵水平相关，这表明FA代替了铵，可能是提高SCFA产量的真正贡献者。批处理测试证实，发酵强度范围内的铵（例如0–300 mg / L）不会影响污泥发酵的任何过程，但所有过程均受FA，pH或FA-pH组合的显着影响。发现FA促进了污泥的分解，但是抑制了水解，酸化和甲烷生成的过程。当FA和碱性条件组合时，观察到对所有这些过程的协同作用。最近提出的污泥发酵数学模型最终证实了FA对SCFA生产的重要贡献。此处报告的发现揭示了污泥发酵的实际存在但尚未被认识的贡献者，
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