During development and throughout life, a variety of specialized cells must be generated to ensure the proper function of each tissue and organ. Chromatin plays a key role in determining cellular state, whether totipotent, pluripotent, multipotent, or differentiated. We highlight chromatin dynamics involved in the generation of pluripotent stem cells as well as their influence on cell fate decision and reprogramming. We focus on the capacity of histone variants, chaperones, modifications, and heterochromatin factors to influence cell identity and its plasticity. Recent technological advances have provided tools to elucidate the underlying chromatin dynamics for a better understanding of normal development and pathological conditions, with avenues for potential therapeutic application.

中文翻译：

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染色质可塑性：构成细胞命运和身份基础的多功能景观

在发育和整个生命过程中，必须产生各种特化细胞以确保每个组织和器官的正常功能。染色质在决定细胞状态方面起着关键作用，无论是全能、多能、多能还是分化状态。我们强调了涉及多能干细胞生成的染色质动力学及其对细胞命运决定和重编程的影响。我们关注组蛋白变体、分子伴侣、修饰和异染色质因子影响细胞身份及其可塑性的能力。最近的技术进步为阐明潜在的染色质动力学提供了工具，以便更好地了解正常发育和病理状况，并为潜在的治疗应用提供途径。