In 2011, a new and growing family of two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides (MXenes) was discovered. Benefitting from intriguing electronic and structural properties, MXenes have received increasing attention and emerged as next-generation nanomaterials for the exploration of environmentally friendly energy resources for catalysis in energy and environmental technologies. In this review, we systematically highlight the expeditious advances and achievements in design strategies, physico-chemical properties, and catalytic applications of 2D layered MXenes and their nanocomposites in environmental science and renewable energy. In addition, we unravel the structural, optical, and electronic properties of MXenes to elucidate their key roles of ameliorating the niche areas of photo(electro)catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, carabon dioxide reduction reaction, nitrogen reduction reaction, and pollutant degradation. This review concludes with invigorating perspectives, outlooks, and formidable challenges in the future development of MXene-based materials for sustainable applications.

2011年，发现了一个新的且不断增长的二维（2D）过渡金属族碳化物，氮化物和碳氮化物（MXenes）系列。得益于引人入胜的电子和结构特性，MXenes受到越来越多的关注，并成为下一代纳米材料，用于探索环境友好型能源，用于能源和环境技术的催化。在这篇综述中，我们系统地强调了二维层状MXene及其纳米复合材料在环境科学和可再生能源的设计策略，理化性质以及催化应用方面的快速进展和成就。此外，我们还对结构，光学，MXene的化学性质和电子性质，以阐明它们在改善光（电）催化氢释放反应，氧释放反应，氧还原反应，二氧化碳还原反应，氮还原反应和污染物降解的利基领域中的关键作用。这篇综述总结了基于MXene的可持续应用材料的未来发展中令人振奋的观点，前景和艰巨的挑战。