The oil–water separation has attracted heightened attention because of the ever‐increasing amounts of oily water produced from the daily activities of humans and industrial processes. Membrane technology as an advanced water purification approach has offered an indispensable option due to its cost‐effective, energy‐efficient, and easy‐to‐operate characteristics. However, traditional membrane materials suffer from severe fouling, which counteracts the superiority of applying membranes in oil–water separation applications. Thanks to the emerging bioinspired interface research, a series of special wettability not only endows membrane surfaces with outstanding antifouling properties but also breaks though the long‐standing tradeoff effect between membrane permeability and selectivity. In this review, the recent advances of membranes used for oil–water separation with special wettability and perspectives on the on‐going research are presented. The authors first discuss the wetting phenomenon on membrane surface, and then highlight the gradually evolved specially wettable system and its coupling with membrane materials. Next, relatively comprehensive preparation methods and applications of oil–water filtration membranes utilizing special wettability are summarized. Finally, the authors conclude the current achievements and challenges in specially wettable membranes for oil–water separation and outlook the future in this field.

中文翻译：

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用于油水分离的特别可湿膜

由于人的日常活动和工业过程产生的含油量不断增加，油水分离引起了越来越多的关注。膜技术作为一种先进的净水方法，由于其具有成本效益，能源效率和易于操作的特性，已成为必不可少的选择。但是，传统的膜材料会遭受严重的污染，这抵消了在油水分离应用中应用膜的优越性。得益于新兴的生物启发性界面研究，一系列特殊的润湿性不仅赋予膜表面出色的防污性能，而且打破了膜渗透性和选择性之间的长期权衡效应。在这篇评论中，介绍了具有特殊润湿性的油水分离膜的最新进展，并对正在进行的研究进行了展望。作者首先讨论了膜表面的润湿现象，然后重点介绍了逐步发展的特殊可湿性系统及其与膜材料的耦合。接下来，总结了利用特殊的润湿性的相对全面的油水过滤膜的制备方法和应用。最后，作者总结了用于油水分离的特殊可湿膜的当前成就和面临的挑战，并展望了该领域的未来。然后重点介绍逐步发展的特殊可湿性系统及其与膜材料的耦合。接下来，总结了利用特殊的润湿性的相对全面的油水过滤膜的制备方法和应用。最后，作者总结了用于油水分离的特殊可湿膜的当前成就和面临的挑战，并展望了该领域的未来。然后重点介绍逐步发展的特殊可湿性系统及其与膜材料的耦合。接下来，总结了利用特殊的润湿性的相对全面的油水过滤膜的制备方法和应用。最后，作者总结了用于油水分离的特殊可湿膜的当前成就和面临的挑战，并展望了该领域的未来。