Abstract The associations between the seasonal moisture budget (precipitation minus evaporation) and atmospheric and oceanic teleconnections related with dry and wet conditions in the greater Mediterranean Basin are investigated. The driest and wettest Mediterranean winters are selected according to the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), and the differences in the moisture budget among them and average conditions (i.e. climatology) are investigated. The analysis focuses on the role of major teleconnection indices for the conditions of the driest/wettest winters. According to the results, the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index is the best indicator of variability in the driest/wettest conditions, which are conventionally associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). Large-scale climate variability over the Mediterranean Basin is strongly linked with significant changes of the moisture fluxes in the Gulf of Mexico region and partially in the east coast region of the United States (US), especially for wet years in the Western Mediterranean. The displacement of the prevailing atmospheric centres of action located over the subtropical mid-east Atlantic (Azores high) to the Northwest Atlantic determines the wet conditions over the Western and Eastern Mediterranean Basins, respectively. It is speculated that the relative strengths and positions of these large-scale systems control the Eastern and Western patterns of the Mediterranean climate variability.

中文翻译：

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大尺度大气水分通量及其辐合对地中海盆地干湿1月和冬季的控制

摘要 调查了季节性水分收支（降水减去蒸发）与大地中海盆地干湿条件相关的大气和海洋遥相关之间的关联。根据标准化降水指数（SPI）选择最干燥和最潮湿的地中海冬季，并调查它们之间的水分收支和平均条件（即气候学）的差异。分析侧重于主要遥相关指数对最干燥/最潮湿冬季条件的作用。根据结果​​，北极涛动 (AO) 指数是最干燥/最潮湿条件下变化的最佳指标，通常与北大西洋涛动 (NAO) 相关。地中海盆地的大规模气候变率与墨西哥湾地区和部分美国东海岸地区的水分通量的显着变化密切相关，尤其是在西地中海的潮湿年份。位于亚热带中东大西洋（亚速尔群岛高）上空的主要大气作用中心向西北大西洋的位移分别决定了西地中海盆地和东地中海盆地的潮湿条件。据推测，这些大尺度系统的相对优势和位置控制着地中海气候变异的东西方格局。特别是在西地中海的潮湿年份。位于亚热带中东大西洋（亚速尔群岛高）上空的主要大气作用中心向西北大西洋的位移分别决定了西地中海盆地和东地中海盆地的潮湿条件。据推测，这些大尺度系统的相对优势和位置控制着地中海气候变异的东西方格局。特别是在西地中海的潮湿年份。位于亚热带中东大西洋（亚速尔群岛高）上空的主要大气作用中心向西北大西洋的位移分别决定了西地中海盆地和东地中海盆地的潮湿条件。据推测，这些大尺度系统的相对优势和位置控制着地中海气候变异的东西方格局。