The largest targets of retinal input in mammals are the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN), a relay to the primary visual cortex (V1), and the superior colliculus. V1 innervates and influences the superior colliculus. Here, we find that, in turn, superior colliculus modulates responses in mouse V1. Optogenetically inhibiting the superior colliculus reduces responses in V1 to optimally sized stimuli. Superior colliculus could influence V1 via its strong projection to the lateral posterior nucleus (LP/Pulvinar) or its weaker projection to the dLGN. Inhibiting superior colliculus strongly reduces activity in LP. Pharmacologically silencing LP itself, however, does not remove collicular modulation of V1. The modulation is instead due to a collicular gain modulation of the dLGN. Surround suppression operating in V1 explains the different effects for differently sized stimuli. Computations of visual saliency in the superior colliculus can thus influence tuning in the visual cortex via a tectogeniculate pathway.

中文翻译：

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上丘在小鼠中对初级视觉皮层的功能调节。

哺乳动物视网膜输入的最大目标是背外侧膝状核（dLGN），初级视觉皮层（V1）的中继和上丘。V1支配并影响上丘。在这里，我们发现，上丘依次调节了小鼠V1的反应。光遗传抑制上丘，可降低V1对最佳大小刺激的反应。上丘可以通过V1强烈投射到外侧后核（LP / Pulvinar）或V1投射到dLGN来影响V1。抑制上丘可大大降低LP的活性。然而，药理学上沉默LP本身并不能消除对V1的胶体调节。相反，该调制归因于dLGN的胶体增益调制。V1中的环绕声抑制说明了不同大小的刺激会产生不同的影响。因此，上丘上的视觉显着性的计算可以影响到通过皮层形成途径在视觉皮层中进行的调整。