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Catalyst-Counterion Controlled, Regioselective C–C Bond Cleavage in 1-Azabiphenylene: Synthesis of Selectively Substituted Benzoisoquinolines
ACS Catalysis ( IF 11.3 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-24 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b01874
David Frejka 1 , Jan Ulč 1 , Eric Assen B. Kantchev 2 , Ivana Císařová 3 , Martin Kotora 1
Affiliation  

Catalytic C–C bond cleavage processes followed by further transformations are some of the most fascinating reactions in chemistry and valuable organic synthesis tools. Herein, we demonstrate that the regioselectivity of C–C bond cleavage in 1-azabiphenylene and its derivatives can be switched by using neutral or cationic transition metal catalysts. The use of the former leads to selective distal C–C bond cleavage (with respect to the position of the nitrogen atom), whereas use of the latter leads to selective proximal bond cleavage. This process enables synthesis of a variety of complex heterocycles by regioselective C–C bond cleavage switched on demand. Density functional theory calculations (SMD/M06/DGDZVP level of theory) show that the regioselectivity is a result of kinetically controlled oxidative addition into the C–C bond. In neutral complexes the transition states (TS) for distal cleavage have lower energy, in agreement with experiments. For the cationic catalyst, the proximal TSs are stabilized presumably by relieving the Cl–N dipole–dipole repulsion when the Rh-bound Cl is removed whereas the distal TSs remain largely unaffected.

中文翻译:

1-氮杂联苯中催化剂抗衡控制的区域选择性C–C键断裂:选择性取代的苯并异喹啉的合成

在化学和有价值的有机合成工具中,最引人入胜的反应是催化性的C–C键裂解过程,然后进行进一步的转化。在本文中,我们证明了可以通过使用中性或阳离子过渡金属催化剂来切换1-氮杂双苯及其衍生物中C–C键断裂的区域选择性。前者的使用导致选择性的远端C–C键断裂(相对于氮原子的位置),而后者的使用导致选择性的近端键断裂。此过程可通过按需切换区域选择性C–C键裂解来合成多种复杂的杂环。密度泛函理论计算(理论水平的SMD / M06 / DGDZVP)表明,区域选择性是动力学控制的氧化成C–C键的结果。与实验一致,在中性复合物中,远端裂解的过渡态(TS)具有较低的能量。对于阳离子催化剂,当除去Rh结合的Cl时,可以通过消除Cl–N偶极–偶极排斥来稳定近端TS,而远端TS基本上不受影响。
更新日期:2018-09-24
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