Enhanced Diffusion and Chemotaxis at the Nanoscale,Accounts of Chemical Research

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Enhanced Diffusion and Chemotaxis at the Nanoscale
Accounts of Chemical Research ( IF 16.4 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-21 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.8b00280
Jaime Agudo-Canalejo _{1,

2} , Tunrayo Adeleke-Larodo ₁ , Pierre Illien ₃ , Ramin Golestanian _{1,

4}

Affiliation

Enzymes have been recently proposed to have mechanical activity associated with their chemical activity. In a number of recent studies, it has been reported that enzymes undergo enhanced diffusion in the presence of their corresponding substrate when this substrate is uniformly distributed in solution. Moreover, if the concentration of the substrate is nonuniform, enzymes and other small molecules have been reported to show chemotaxis (biased stochastic movement in the direction of the substrate gradient), typically toward higher concentrations of this substrate, with a few exceptions. The underlying physical mechanisms responsible for enhanced diffusion and chemotaxis at the nanoscale, however, are still not well understood. Understanding these processes is important both for fundamental biological research, for example, in the context of spatial organization of enzymes in metabolic pathways (metabolon formation), as well as for engineering applications, such as in the design of new vehicles for targeted drug delivery.

中文翻译：

纳米级增强的扩散和趋化性

最近提出了具有与化学活性相关的机械活性的酶。在许多最近的研究中，已经报道了当该底物均匀地分布在溶液中时，酶在其相应的底物的存在下经历增强的扩散。此外，如果底物的浓度不均匀，则报告了酶和其他小分子显示趋化性（在底物梯度方向上的偏向随机运动），通常朝着该底物的较高浓度方向移动，少数例外。然而，对于增强纳米级扩散和趋化性的潜在物理机制仍然知之甚少。理解这些过程对于基础生物学研究都很重要，例如，

更新日期：2018-09-21

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