In this study, a packed-bed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor was developed to investigate the removal of biomass tar in a fuel gas atmosphere. Toluene was used as the tar surrogate, and the catalyst used was a Nickel-based catalyst (Ni/γ-Al₂O₃) because of its high activity and low cost. In addition, another two kinds of packing materials (glass pellets and γ-Al₂O₃ pellets) were employed to make a comparison with the Ni/γ-Al₂O₃ catalyst. The research has focused on the removal efficiency of toluene and the effects of carrier gas, reaction temperature, Ni loading, and concentration of toluene. The results indicated that two supplementary packing materials could not realize an effective removal of toluene. On the contrary, Ni/γ-Al₂O₃ combined with plasma showed a significant synergetic effect and hence a great toluene removal potential. On one hand, the removal efficiency initially decreased within the temperature range of 200–300 °C and then significantly increased within the temperature of 300–400 °C during plasma-catalytic process. At the optimal temperature of 400 °C, the toluene removal efficiency could reach the maximum values of 80.2%, 91.7%, and 100.0% when the Ni loading was 3, 5, and 10 wt %, respectively. On the other hand, an increase in the inlet toluene concentration slightly reduced removal efficiency but increased the energy efficiency, reaching the highest value of 16.8 g/kWh. The introduction of plasma enhanced the methanation reaction of the fuel gas occurring in the catalytic process, which was favorable at high temperatures. Based on these findings, the mechanisms and pathways of toluene destruction in the plasma-catalytic process were proposed and elucidated.

中文翻译：

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催化非热等离子体工艺中甲苯作为生物质焦油替代品的去除

在这项研究中，开发了填充床介质阻挡放电（DBD）反应器，以研究在燃料气体气氛中去除生物质焦油的方法。甲苯被用作替代焦油，和所使用的催化剂是镍基催化剂（镍/γ-Al系₂ ö ₃，因为它的高活性和低成本的）。此外，另外两个包装种类材料（玻璃粒料和γ-Al系的_2个ö ₃被雇用粒料）以与在Ni /γ-Al系的比较₂ ö ₃催化剂。该研究集中于甲苯的去除效率以及载气，反应温度，Ni负载量和甲苯浓度的影响。结果表明，两种辅助包装材料无法实现甲苯的有效去除。与此相反，镍/γ-Al系₂ ö ₃与血浆合用显示出显着的协同作用，因此有很大的去除甲苯的潜力。一方面，在等离子体催化过程中，去除效率最初在200–300°C的温度范围内降低，然后在300–400°C的温度范围内显着提高。在400℃的最佳温度下，当Ni负载量分别为3、5和10wt％时，甲苯去除效率可达到最大值，分别为80.2％，91.7％和100.0％。另一方面，进口甲苯浓度的增加会稍微降低去除效率，但会提高能量效率，达到最高值16.8 g / kWh。等离子体的引入增强了在催化过程中发生的燃料气体的甲烷化反应，这在高温下是有利的。根据这些发现，