Abstract The organic matter (kerogen, defined as including the organic material soluble and insoluble in organic solvents at room temperature) from two marine oil shales, El-Lajjun (Jordan) and Julia Creek (Queensland, Australia), has been extracted by the commonly used HCl-HF method and the resulting products compared with those obtained using the NaOH-HCl method, i.e. with initial strong alkali extraction. The elemental analyses on a dry ash-free basis of the solids obtained by the two methods were similar to each other and to that of the original oil shale. The pyrolysis-gas chromatography–total ion chromatograms were also similar for the kerogens obtained by the two methods and for the original oil shale, showing regular n-alkene/alkane series, as would be expected from the high atomic H/C ratio, and series of alkyl substituted thiophenes and benzothiophenes. The solid state 13C NMR spectra showed similar trends. The Fe contents of the solids obtained by the HCl-HF treatment were much higher than for the solids from NaOH-HCl treatment, which could have implications for reactivity studies. XPS showed depletion of the sulfur and oxidation near the surface and confirmed that some aliphatic sulfur was present. However, in general, both methods gave organic products with similar characteristics, allowing isolation of organic matter by a method not involving HF, whose use is restricted in many countries.

中文翻译：

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从两种不同海相油页岩中提取干酪根的 NaOH-HCl 和 HCl-HF 方法的比较

摘要 来自两个海相油页岩 El-Lajjun（约旦）和 Julia Creek（澳大利亚昆士兰）的有机质（干酪根，定义为包括在室温下可溶于和不溶于有机溶剂的有机物质）已被常用的使用 HCl-HF 方法并将所得产物与使用 NaOH-HCl 方法（即初始强碱提取）获得的产物进行比较。通过两种方法获得的固体在干燥无灰基础上的元素分析彼此相似，并且与原始油页岩的元素分析相似。两种方法获得的干酪根和原始油页岩的热解-气相色谱-总离子色谱图也相似，显示出规则的正烯烃/烷烃系列，正如高原子 H/C 比所预期的那样，以及一系列烷基取代的噻吩和苯并噻吩。固态 13C NMR 谱显示出类似的趋势。通过 HCl-HF 处理获得的固体的 Fe 含量远高于来自 NaOH-HCl 处理的固体，这可能对反应性研究有影响。XPS 显示表面附近的硫耗尽和氧化，并证实存在一些脂肪族硫。然而，总的来说，这两种方法都提供了具有相似特性的有机产品，允许通过不涉及 HF 的方法分离有机物质，HF 在许多国家的使用受到限制。这可能会对反应性研究产生影响。XPS 显示表面附近的硫耗尽和氧化，并证实存在一些脂肪族硫。然而，总的来说，这两种方法都提供了具有相似特性的有机产品，允许通过不涉及 HF 的方法分离有机物质，HF 在许多国家的使用受到限制。这可能会对反应性研究产生影响。XPS 显示表面附近的硫耗尽和氧化，并证实存在一些脂肪族硫。然而，总的来说，这两种方法都提供了具有相似特性的有机产品，允许通过不涉及 HF 的方法分离有机物质，HF 在许多国家的使用受到限制。