Chemical looping promises significant reductions in the cost of CO₂ capture and storage (CCS) by enabling energy conversion with inherent separation of CO₂ at almost no energy penalty. This study evaluates the economic performance of a novel power plant configuration based on the principle of packed bed chemical looping. The new configuration, called COMPOSITE, integrates packed bed chemical looping combustion (PBCLC) and chemical looping oxygen production (CLOP) into an integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plant. The CLOP unit achieves air separation with minimal energy penalty and the PBCLC unit achieves fuel combustion with inherent CO₂ capture. The COMPOSITE configuration achieved a competitive CO₂ avoidance cost (CAC) of €45.8/ton relative to conventional IGCC with pre-combustion CO₂ capture with €58.4/ton. However, the improvement was minimal relative to a simpler configuration using an air separation unit (ASU) instead of the CLOP reactors, returning a CAC of €47.3/ton. The inclusion of hot gas clean-up further improved the CAC of the COMPOSITE configuration to €37.8/ton. Optimistic technology assumptions in the form of lower contingency costs and better CLOP reactor performance reduced the CAC to only €24.9/ton. Further analysis showed that these highly efficient chemical looping plants will be competitive with other low-carbon power plants (nuclear, wind and solar) in a technology-neutral climate policy framework consistent with a 2 °C global temperature rise. Economic attractiveness improves further in a high CO₂ tax scenario where large-scale deployment of CO₂ negative bio-CCS plants is required.

化学循环通过实现能量转换和固有的CO ₂分离而几乎没有能量损失，从而有望显着降低CO ₂捕获和存储（CCS）的成本。这项研究基于填充床化学循环原理评估了一种新型发电厂配置的经济性能。名为COMPOSITE的新配置将填充床化学循环燃烧（PBCLC）和化学循环氧气生产（CLOP）集成到一个集成的气化联合循环（IGCC）发电厂中。CLOP单元以最小的能量损失实现空气分离，而PBCLC单元通过固有的CO ₂捕集实现燃料燃烧。COMPOSITE配置实现了竞争性的CO ₂相对于带有预燃烧CO _2的常规IGCC，避免成本（CAC）为€45.8 /吨捕获价格为每吨58.4欧元。但是，相对于使用空气分离装置（ASU）而非CLOP反应器的更简单配置而言，改进幅度很小，返回的CAC为€47.3 /吨。包括热气净化在内的COMPOSITE配置的CAC进一步提高至37.8欧元/吨。较低的应急费用和更好的CLOP反应堆性能等形式的乐观技术假设将CAC降至仅24.9欧元/吨。进一步的分析表明，在技术中立的气候政策框架内，与全球气温上升2°C一致的情况下，这些高效的化学循环工厂将与其他低碳发电厂（核能，风能和太阳能）竞争。在大规模部署CO ₂的高CO ₂税收情况下，经济吸引力进一步提高 阴性的生物CCS植物是必需的。