A self-optimizing reactor Chemists spend a great deal of time tweaking the conditions of known reactions. Small changes to temperature and concentration can have a big influence over product yield. Bédard et al. present a flow-based reaction platform that carries out this laborious task automatically. By using feedback from integrated analytics, the system converges on optimal conditions that can then be applied with high precision afterward. A series of modules with heating, cooling, mixing, and photochemical capabilities could be configured for a broad range of reactions. These include homogeneous and heterogeneous palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling, reductive amination, and the generation of sensitive intermediates under an inert atmosphere. Science, this issue p. 1220 A modular flow-based system uses real-time feedback to optimize conditions for reactions widely used in organic chemistry. Chemical synthesis generally requires labor-intensive, sometimes tedious trial-and-error optimization of reaction conditions. Here, we describe a plug-and-play, continuous-flow chemical synthesis system that mitigates this challenge with an integrated combination of hardware, software, and analytics. The system software controls the user-selected reagents and unit operations (reactors and separators), processes reaction analytics (high-performance liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, vibrational spectroscopy), and conducts automated optimizations. The capabilities of this system are demonstrated in high-yielding implementations of C-C and C-N cross-coupling, olefination, reductive amination, nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr), photoredox catalysis, and a multistep sequence. The graphical user interface enables users to initiate optimizations, monitor progress remotely, and analyze results. Subsequent users of an optimized procedure need only download an electronic file, comparable to a smartphone application, to implement the protocol on their own apparatus.

中文翻译：

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用于自动优化各种化学反应的可重构系统

自优化反应器 化学家花费大量时间调整已知反应的条件。温度和浓度的微小变化会对产品产量产生很大影响。贝达德等人。提出一个基于流的反应平台，可以自动执行这项艰巨的任务。通过使用来自集成分析的反馈，系统会收敛到最佳条件，然后可以高精度地应用这些条件。一系列具有加热、冷却、混合和光化学功能的模块可以配置用于广泛的反应。这些包括均相和非均相钯催化的交叉偶联、还原胺化以及在惰性气氛下生成敏感中间体。科学，这个问题 p。1220 基于流动的模块化系统使用实时反馈来优化有机化学中广泛使用的反应条件。化学合成通常需要劳动密集型的、有时是乏味的、反复试验的反应条件优化。在这里，我们描述了一种即插即用、连续流动的化学合成系统，它通过硬件、软件和分析的集成组合来缓解这一挑战。系统软件控制用户选择的试剂和单元操作（反应器和分离器），处理反应分析（高效液相色谱、质谱、振动光谱），并进行自动优化。该系统的能力在 CC 和 CN 交叉偶联、烯化、还原胺化、亲核芳香取代 (SNAr)、光氧化还原催化和多步序列。图形用户界面使用户能够启动优化、远程监控进度和分析结果。优化程序的后续用户只需下载一个电子文件，类似于智能手机应用程序，即可在他们自己的设备上实施协议。