The nanocomposite material bismuth vanadate and reduced graphene oxide BiVO₄/rGO was prepared and deposited onto a fluorine‐doped tin oxide glass surface for application of a photoelectrochemical sensor for the determination of sodium diclofenac in urine samples. This drug is considered as an emergent pollutant because of its ecotoxicological risk when discarded in wastewater. Electrochemistry Impedance Spectroscopy experiments shown that the rGO contributed to the efficiency of the DCF electro‐oxidization and, under irradiation, the resistance in the charge transfer in the work electrode decreased. The sensor presented photocurrent responses during the diclofenac electro‐oxidation under visible light irradiation, with a linear concentration range from 9.6×10⁻⁹ mol L⁻¹ to 9.2×10⁻⁶ mol L⁻¹ and a LOD of 4.2×10⁻⁹ mol L⁻¹. The presence of the drug in urine was successfully determined by recovery in spiked samples.

中文翻译：

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钒酸铋/还原氧化石墨烯纳米复合电极光电化学测定尿液中双氯芬酸

制备了纳米复合材料钒酸铋和还原型氧化石墨烯BiVO ₄ / rGO，并将其沉积在掺氟的氧化锡玻璃表面上，用于光电化学传感器测定尿样中的双氯芬酸钠。该药物被丢弃在废水中时，由于其生态毒理学风险，被认为是一种新兴污染物。电化学阻抗谱实验表明，rGO有助于DCF电氧化的效率，并且在辐射下，工作电极中电荷转移的电阻降低。传感器在可见光照射下双氯芬酸电氧化过程中表现出光电流响应，线性浓度范围为9.6×10 ^-9  mol L ^-1至9.2×10 ^-6  mol L ^-1和LOD为4.2×10 ^-9  mol L ^-1。通过加标样品中的回收率成功确定了尿液中药物的存在。