Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) for their anticancer activity against MCF-7 cancer cells, antioxidant activities and catalysis of the reduction of p-nitrophenol (p-NP). AuNPs were synthesized using kaempferol 3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (KG) from the plant Lotus leguminosae. The structure was determined using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray (ES)-HRMS. The isolated compound was involved in the synthesis and stabilization of AuNPs. A number of parameters such as the pH and the mass ratio (HAuCl4/KG) have been optimized to produce very stable colloids of an almost spherical shaped AuNPs with an average diameter of about 37 nm. UV–Vis spectrophotometry, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies were employed to characterize the produced nanoparticles. In vitro anticancer studies were performed to assess the chemotherapeutic potential of formulating NPs against a human breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7). It was observed that the synthesized AuNPs have mild to low cytotoxicity in MCF-7 cells at higher concentrations. The microscopic observations showed no significant changes in the morphology of control cells or the treated cells. AuNPs also displayed strong DPPH radical scavenging compared to the flavonoid extract, with an IC50 of 30.56 μg/mL. In addition, the biosynthesized AuNPs showed a highly improved catalytic activity for the reduction of p-nitrophenol (p-NP) to p-aminophenol (p-AP), indicative of its potential application in the chemical industry.

中文翻译：

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豆科植物山奈酚糖苷合成金纳米粒子的催化、抗氧化和抗癌活性

摘要 本研究的目的是评估金纳米粒子 (AuNPs) 对 MCF-7 癌细胞的抗癌活性、抗氧化活性和对硝基苯酚 (p-NP) 还原的催化作用。使用来自豆科植物莲花的山奈酚 3-O-β-D-apiofuranosyl-7-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (KG) 合成 AuNP。使用核磁共振 (NMR) 和电喷雾 (ES)-HRMS 确定结构。分离出的化合物参与了 AuNPs 的合成和稳定化。许多参数，如 pH 值和质量比 (HAuCl4/KG) 已被优化，以产生具有约 37 nm 平均直径的几乎球形形状的 AuNP 的非常稳定的胶体。紫外-可见分光光度法、红外 (IR) 光谱、透射电子显微镜 (TEM)、和热重分析 (TGA) 研究被用来表征产生的纳米粒子。进行了体外抗癌研究以评估针对人乳腺癌细胞系 (MCF-7) 配制 NP 的化学治疗潜力。据观察，合成的 AuNPs 在较高浓度的 MCF-7 细胞中具有轻度至低的细胞毒性。显微镜观察显示对照细胞或处理细胞的形态没有显着变化。与类黄酮提取物相比，AuNPs 还显示出强大的 DPPH 自由基清除能力，IC50 为 30.56 μg/mL。此外，生物合成的AuNPs在将对硝基苯酚（p-NP）还原为对氨基苯酚（p-AP）方面表现出高度改善的催化活性，表明其在化学工业中的潜在应用。