Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is capable of reducing CRC-related morbidity and mortality. Colonoscopy is the reference standard to detect CRC, also providing the opportunity to detect and resect its precursor lesions: colorectal polyps. Therefore, colonoscopy is either used as a primary screening tool or as a subsequent procedure after a positive triage test in screening programs based on non-invasive stool testing or sigmoidoscopy. However, in both settings, colonoscopy is not fully protective for the occurrence of post-colonoscopy CRCs (PCCRCs). Because most PCCRCs are the result of colonoscopy-related factors, a high-quality procedure is of paramount importance to assure optimal effectiveness of CRC screening programs. For this reason, at the start of the Dutch fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based screening program, quality criteria for endoscopists performing colonoscopies in FIT-positive screenees, as well as for endoscopy centers, were defined. In conjunction, an accreditation and auditing system was designed and implemented. In this report, we describe the quality assurance process for endoscopists participating in the Dutch national CRC screening program, including a detailed description of the evidence-based quality criteria. We believe that our experience might serve as an example for colonoscopy quality assurance programs in other CRC screening programs.

大肠癌（CRC）筛查能够降低CRC相关的发病率和死亡率。结肠镜检查是检测CRC的参考标准，也提供了检测和切除其前体病变（结直肠息肉）的机会。因此，在基于非侵入性粪便检查或乙状结肠镜检查的筛查程序中，在进行阳性分类试验之后，结肠镜检查既可以用作主要的筛查工具，也可以用作后续程序。但是，在两种情况下，结肠镜检查都不能完全保护结肠镜检查后CRC（PCCRC）的发生。因为大多数PCCRC是结肠镜检查相关因素的结果，所以高质量的程序对于确保CRC筛查程序的最佳有效性至关重要。因此，在基于荷兰粪便免疫化学测试（FIT）的筛查计划启动之初，定义了在FIT阳性筛查者中进行内镜检查的内镜医师以及内窥镜检查中心的质量标准。同时，设计并实施了认证和审核系统。在本报告中，我们描述了参加荷兰国家CRC筛查计划的内镜医师的质量保证流程，包括对基于证据的质量标准的详细描述。我们认为，我们的经验可以作为其他CRC筛查计划中结肠镜检查质量保证计划的范例。我们描述了参加荷兰国家CRC筛查计划的内镜医师的质量保证流程，包括对基于证据的质量标准的详细说明。我们认为，我们的经验可以作为其他CRC筛查计划中结肠镜检查质量保证计划的范例。我们描述了参加荷兰国家CRC筛查计划的内镜医师的质量保证流程，包括对基于证据的质量标准的详细说明。我们认为，我们的经验可以作为其他CRC筛查计划中结肠镜检查质量保证计划的范例。