Venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO)—also referred to as extracorporeal life support—is a form of temporary mechanical circulatory support and simultaneous extracorporeal gas exchange. The initiation of VA-ECMO has emerged as a salvage intervention in patients with cardiogenic shock, even cardiac arrest refractory to standard therapies. Analogous to veno-venous ECMO for acute respiratory failure, VA-ECMO provides circulatory support and allows time for other treatments to promote recovery or may be a bridge to a more durable mechanical solution in the setting of acute or acute on chronic cardiopulmonary failure. In this review, we provide a brief overview of VA-ECMO, the attendant physiological considerations of peripheral VA-ECMO, and its complications, namely that of left ventricular distention, bleeding, heightened systemic inflammatory response syndrome, thrombosis and thromboembolism, and extremity ischemia or necrosis.

中文翻译：

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进行心源性休克和心脏骤停的静脉动脉体外膜氧合

静脉动脉体外膜氧合（VA-ECMO）（也​​称为体外生命支持）是一种临时的机械循环支持和同时进行的体外气体交换的形式。VA-ECMO的启动已作为心源性休克患者的挽救性干预措施出现，甚至是标准疗法难以治疗的心脏骤停。与用于急性呼吸衰竭的静脉-静脉ECMO类似，VA-ECMO提供循环支持，并为其他治疗留出时间以促进恢复，或者在慢性或急性慢性心肺衰竭的情况下，为更持久的机械解决方案提供了桥梁。在这篇综述中，我们简要概述了VA-ECMO，伴随的外周VA-ECMO生理因素及其并发症，即左心室扩张，出血，