Some of the smallest, most useful machines known to science are the biological molecules that keep living things living. The protein myosin drives the contraction and relaxation of muscle. Kinesin drags cellular cargo around the cell. Motor enzymes unwind, rewind, and maintain DNA, and bacteria use a molecular motor to rotate their whip-like flagella up to 100,000 times per minute, propelling them forward. These machines turn chemical energy into motion. They’re very efficient at their jobs.

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新闻特辑：建造分子机器的最佳方法是什么？[化学]

科学已知的一些最小，最有用的机器是使生物保持生命的生物分子。蛋白质肌球蛋白驱动肌肉的收缩和松弛。驱动蛋白在细胞周围拖动细胞货物。运动酶解开，倒带并保持DNA，细菌利用分子发动机使鞭状鞭毛每分钟旋转100,000次，从而推动它们前进。这些机器将化学能转化为运动。他们的工作效率很高。