Solid basic catalysts are extremely desirable in green catalytic processes, due to their advantages of facile separation, negligible corrosion and environmental friendliness. Great progress has been made in solid basic catalysts in the last decade, which have been widely used in the synthesis of organics and fine chemicals as well as environmental catalysis. Development of solid basic catalysts is therefore of significant importance both in academic area and industrial application. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of solid basic catalysts in several based-catalyzed organic reactions. The first part introduces history and significant application in chemical industry of heterogeneous basic catalysis. The second part overviews numerous solid basic catalysts classified by the type of basic sites toward fine chemicals synthesis; furthermore, the relationship between basic site structure (e.g., strength, concentration, geometric and electronic structure) and catalytic performance is also emphasized in this section. In the final section, current challenges and future strategies in field of solid basic catalysts are discussed from the viewpoint of material design, structure–property correlation and practical applications in heterogeneous catalysis processes.

固体碱性催化剂由于易于分离，可忽略的腐蚀和环境友好的优点而在绿色催化方法中是非常需要的。在过去的十年中，固体碱性催化剂取得了巨大的进步，已广泛用于有机物和精细化学品的合成以及环境催化。因此，固体碱性催化剂的开发在学术领域和工业应用中都具有重要意义。在这篇综述中，我们提供了几种碱性催化有机反应中固体碱性催化剂的全面概述。第一部分介绍了非均相碱性催化的历史及其在化学工业中的重要应用。第二部分概述了许多固体碱性催化剂，它们按精细化学合成的碱性位点的类型进行分类。此外，本节还强调了基本位点结构（例如强度，浓度，几何和电子结构）与催化性能之间的关系。在最后一节中，从材料设计，结构-性质的相关性以及在多相催化过程中的实际应用的角度讨论了固体碱性催化剂领域的当前挑战和未来策略。