Abstract In this study, the microbiota of liquid eggs (raw materials) produced by different suppliers and final products (chilled pasteurized liquid whole eggs and chilled pasteurized liquid egg yolk) (n = 211, pooled in 21 samples) was studied by a 16S rRNA-based amplicon sequencing. The raw material samples were collected from five different egg suppliers (A, B, C, E, and F), whereas the sixth type of raw material was whole shell eggs broken at the egg processing factory. The suppliers were located at different distances (∼100 Km to ∼1500 Km) from the liquid egg processing facility, being subjected to varying practices after egg breaking (pasteurization and addition of hydrogen peroxide), followed by chilled transportation. The results showed that final products presented lower diversity indexes than raw materials suggesting that processing and storage act towards shaping their microbiota. Besides, the transportation distance seemed to influence the microbiota of liquid egg. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes dominated the sequences of 16S rRNA in raw materials and final product samples, while the abundance of classes was found to vary considerably among samples and composite samples. Lactobacillales and Pseudomonadales were the most abundant order in almost all raw material samples, whereas Enterobacteriales was abundant in few raw material samples. The principal genera linked to final products were Pseudomonas, Carnobacterium and less frequently Clostridium. The study highlights that the practices employed by suppliers and transportation distances are key in modulating the microbiota of raw materials and further liquid processed egg products.

中文翻译：

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基于 16S rRNA 的测序揭示的鸡蛋微生物群：从不同供应商生产的原材料到冷冻巴氏杀菌液体产品

摘要 在本研究中，通过 16S rRNA 研究了不同供应商生产的液态鸡蛋（原材料）和最终产品（冷冻巴氏杀菌液态全蛋和冷冻巴氏杀菌液态蛋黄）（n = 211，集中在 21 个样本中）的微生物群。 - 基于扩增子测序。原材料样本来自五个不同的鸡蛋供应商（A、B、C、E 和 F），而第六类原材料是鸡蛋加工厂破碎的全壳鸡蛋。供应商位于距液态蛋加工设施不同距离（~100 公里至~1500 公里）的位置，在鸡蛋破碎（巴氏杀菌和添加过氧化氢）后接受不同的做法，然后进行冷藏运输。结果表明，最终产品的多样性指数低于原材料，表明加工和储存有助于塑造其微生物群。此外，运输距离似乎影响液态鸡蛋的微生物群。Proteobacteria 和 Firmicutes 主导了原材料和最终产品样品中 16S rRNA 的序列，而发现类别的丰度在样品和复合样品之间差异很大。乳酸杆菌和假单胞菌在几乎所有原料样品中含量最高，而肠杆菌在少数原料样品中含量最高。与最终产品相关的主要属是假单胞菌属、肉杆菌属和较少见的梭菌属。