Although genuine motor abnormalities (GMA) are frequently found in schizophrenia, they are also considered as an intrinsic feature of bipolar, obsessive-compulsive, and neurodevelopmental disorders with early onset such as autism, ADHD, and Tourette syndrome. Such transnosological observations strongly suggest a common neural pathophysiology. This systematic review highlights the evidence on GMA and their neuroanatomical substrates in bipolar, obsessive-compulsive, and neurodevelopmental disorders. The data lends support for a common pattern contributing to GMA expression in these diseases that seems to be related to cerebello-thalamo-cortical, fronto-parietal, and cortico-subcortical motor circuit dysfunction. The identified studies provide first evidence for a motor network dysfunction as a correlate of early neurodevelopmental deviance prior to clinical symptom expression. There are also first hints for a developmental risk factor model of these mental disorders. An in-depth analysis of motor networks and related patho-(physiological) mechanisms will not only help promoting Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Motor System construct, but also facilitate the development of novel psychopharmacological models, as well as the identification of neurobiologically plausible target sites for non-invasive brain stimulation.

尽管真正的运动异常（GMA）经常在精神分裂症中发现，但它们也被认为是双相情感障碍，强迫症和神经发育障碍的固有特征，例如自闭症，ADHD和Tourette综合征。这样的跨听觉学观察强烈地暗示了一种常见的神经病理生理学。这篇系统的综述重点介绍了双相，强迫症和神经发育障碍中GMA及其神经解剖基质的证据。数据为这些疾病中GMA表达的常见模式提供了支持，该模式似乎与小脑-丘脑-皮质，额顶叶和皮质-皮层下运动回路功能障碍有关。鉴定的研究提供了运动网络功能障碍的早期证据，该功能障碍是临床症状表达之前早期神经发育异常的相关因素。还首先提示了这些精神障碍的发展危险因素模型。对运动网络和相关病理（生理）机制的深入分析不仅将有助于促进研究领域标准（RDoC）运动系统的构建，而且还将促进新型心理药理模型的开发以及神经生物学上可能的靶标的鉴定非侵入性大脑刺激的部位。