AbstractThe authors describe an aptamer based assay for the mycotoxin patulin (PAT). A gold electrode was modified with a composite made from ZnO nanorods (ZnO-NRs) and chitosan. The ZnO-NRs was prepared by reaction with ammonia and subsequent hydrothermal growth. Its properties were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, thiol-modified aptamers were self-assembled on AuNPs that had been electrodeposited on the surface of the modified electrode. The presence of ZnO-NRs on the electrode increases the loading with AuNPs and aptamers. It also warrants a relatively stable microenvironment for the aptamers. In the presence of PAT, it will form a complex with the aptamer on the electrode surface. This hinders electron transfer from the electrode to the redox probe hexacyanoferrate and results in reduced current, which is typically measured at 0.176 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The concentration of PAT can be calculated from the differences in the peak current before and after incubation with PAT. The assay has a linear response in the 50 ng·mL−1 to 0.5 pg·mL−1 PAT concentration range and a 0.27 pg·mL−1 lower detection limit. The sensor is specific, reproducible, repeatable, and long-term stable. It was successfully applied to the determination of PAT in spiked juice samples. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of aptamer based detection of patulin (PAT). It is based on the fact that ZnO nanorods on the surface of the electrode increase the loading of the gold nanoparticles and the aptamers, thereby improving the electrode performance.

中文翻译：

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基于 ZnO 纳米棒的基于适体的伏安展曲霉素测定

摘要作者描述了一种基于适体的霉菌毒素展青霉素 (PAT) 检测方法。用由 ZnO 纳米棒 (ZnO-NRs) 和壳聚糖制成的复合材料对金电极进行了修饰。ZnO-NRs 是通过与氨反应和随后的水热生长制备的。通过X射线衍射、拉曼光谱和扫描电子显微镜对其性质进行了表征。随后，硫醇修饰的适体自组装在已电沉积在修饰电极表面的 AuNP 上。电极上 ZnO-NRs 的存在增加了 AuNPs 和适体的负载。它还保证了适体相对稳定的微环境。在 PAT 存在下，它会与电极表面的适体形成复合物。这阻碍了电子从电极转移到氧化还原探针六氰基铁酸盐并导致电流降低，通常在 0.176 V（相对于 Ag/AgCl）下测量。PAT 的浓度可以根据与 PAT 孵育前后峰值电流的差异计算得出。该测定在 50 ng·mL-1 至 0.5 pg·mL-1 PAT 浓度范围内具有线性响应，检测下限为 0.27 pg·mL-1。该传感器具有特异性、可重复性、可重复性和长期稳定性。成功应用于加标果汁样品中PAT的测定。图形摘要基于适配体的展青霉素 (PAT) 检测的示意图。这是基于电极表面的ZnO纳米棒增加了金纳米颗粒和适配体的负载量，从而提高了电极性能。