Surface functionalization is a widely adopted technique for surface modification which allows researchers to customize surfaces to integrate with their research. Surface functionalization has been used recently to adapt surfaces to integrate with biological materials specifically to isolate cells or mimic biological tissues through cell patterning. Cell isolation and cell patterning both can be integrated with extant techniques or surfaces to customize the research to whatever needs to be tested. Substrates such as metals, biologically mimicking surfaces, environmental responsive surfaces, and even three-dimensional surfaces such as hydrogels have all been adapted to allow for functionalization for both patterning and isolation. In this review we have described both the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques and the related chemistries to better understand these tools and how best to apply them in the hope that we can further expand upon the research in the field.

表面功能化是一种广泛用于表面修饰的技术，它允许研究人员自定义表面以与他们的研究相结合。最近已经使用表面功能化来使表面适应于与生物材料整合，特别是通过细胞图案分离细胞或模拟生物组织。细胞分离和细胞构图均可以与现有技术或表面整合在一起，以使研究针对需要测试的内容进行定制。诸如金属之类的基材，具有生物模仿性的表面，对环境敏感的表面，甚至是诸如水凝胶之类的三维表面，都已经过调整，可以实现图案化和分离的功能化。