Advances in the utilization of DNA to fabricate a wide array of rigid and flexible multi-dimensional nanostructures has inspired scientists to build photoactive and responsive materials. Because many of these hybrid systems have shown improved and controllable optical and electronic properties as compared to single components, there has been significant effort in exploring their use for biomedical and energy applications in the past decade. Here, we introduce the chemistry used to conjugate DNA oligonucleotides to photoactive nanomaterials and the use of DNA assembly to fabricate hybrid photoactive nanomaterial systems and their utilization for in vitro and in vivo biosensing, bioimaging as well as solar energy harvesting and conversion. As DNA structures become more robust and scalable, and our understanding of energy and charge transfer in DNA assembled systems progresses, we expect increasing efforts to use DNA as a structure directing agent to build highly functional photoactive systems that function in both biological and non-biological systems.

利用DNA来制造各种各样的刚性和柔性多维纳米结构的研究进展，激发了科学家构建光敏性和响应性材料的灵感。由于与单个组件相比，这些混合系统中的许多系统都显示出改进的和可控的光学和电子特性，因此在过去的十年中，人们一直在努力探索其在生物医学和能源应用中的应用。在这里，我们介绍了用于将DNA寡核苷酸缀合到光敏纳米材料上的化学方法，以及使用DNA组装技术来制造混合光敏纳米材料系统的方法及其在体外和体内生物传感，生物成像以及太阳能收集和转换中的用途。随着DNA结构变得更加健壮和可扩展，