Over the past 20 years there has been a dramatic expansion in the testing of oncolytic viruses (OVs) for the treatment of cancer. OVs are unique biotherapeutics that induce multimodal responses toward tumors, from direct cytopathic effects on cancer cells, to tumor associated blood vessel disruption, and ultimately potent stimulation of anti-tumor immune activation. These agents are highly targeted and can be efficacious as cancer treatments resulting in some patients experiencing complete tumor regression and even cures from OV monotherapy. However, most patients have limited responses with viral replication in tumors often found to be modest and transient. To augment OV replication, increase bystander killing of cancer cells, and/or stimulate stronger targeted anti-cancer immune responses, drug combination approaches have taken center stage for translation to the clinic. Here we comprehensively review drugs that have been combined with OVs to increase therapeutic efficacy, examining the proposed mechanisms of action, and we discuss trends in pharmaco-viral immunotherapeutic approaches currently being investigated.

中文翻译：

---

药物溶瘤病毒：实现更高的治疗功效

在过去的20年中，用于治疗癌症的溶瘤病毒（OVs）的测试有了巨大的发展。OVs是独特的生物疗法，可诱导对肿瘤的多峰反应，从对癌细胞的直接细胞病变作用到与肿瘤相关的血管破坏，最终有效刺激抗肿瘤免疫激活。这些药物具有高度的针对性，可以有效地作为癌症治疗方法，使某些患者出现完全的肿瘤消退，甚至可以通过OV单药治愈。但是，大多数患者对病毒复制的反应有限，通常发现肿瘤是中度和短暂的。为了增加OV复制，增加旁观者对癌细胞的杀伤和/或刺激更强的靶向抗癌免疫反应，药物组合方法已成为临床翻译的中心阶段。在这里，我们对与OVs组合以提高治疗效果的药物进行了全面的综述，研究了拟议的作用机制，并讨论了目前正在研究的药物-病毒免疫治疗方法的趋势。